Infection Control and Waste Management Pt 1

Question 1

Any patient receiving an invasive procedure such as inserting an IV, inserting a chest tube, or surgery, is at risk for infections because there’s an ____, which provides an entry point for pathogens

Answer 1

open wound

Question 2

The transmission of diseases or infections follows a path known as the “six chains of infection.” What are the six chains of infection?

Answer 2

Infectious agent, Reservoir, Portal of exit, Mode of transmission, Portal of entry, & Susceptible host

Question 3

What is an Infectious agent?

Answer 3

a pathogen or disease-causing agent (virus, bacteria)

Question 4

What is a Reservoir?

Answer 4

source of the infectious agent (other humans, animals)

Question 5

What is a Portal of exit?

Answer 5

site through which the microorganisms exit the host (cough, touch)

Question 6

What is a Mode of transmission?

Answer 6

how the organism is transferred from one host to the next (direct contact, airborne)

Question 7

What is a Portal of entry?

Answer 7

how the organism enters the body (broken skin, inhalation)

Question 8

What is a Susceptible host?

Answer 8

a person is at risk for infection (immunocompromised, open skin)

Question 9

All compounding personnel are required to be trained and educated in aseptic hand cleansing and garbing. The CDC recommends standard precautions, which include ____ and use of ____ when compounding.

Answer 9

hand-washing and use of Personal protective equipment

Question 10

What does Airborne transmission mean?

Answer 10

spreads through the air

Question 11

What does Droplet transmission mean?

Answer 11

spread by coughing, sneezing, or talking (common for respiratory microorganisms)

Question 12

What does Contact transmission mean?

Answer 12

spread by skin contact (touch) with contaminated surfaces

Question 13

What are some things you should do before performing hand hygiene?

Answer 13

• Follow the exact steps of the procedure.
• Remove personal outer garments (items that have had contact with the outdoors).
• Remove any powder-based cosmetics.
• Remove all hand, wrist, and ear jewelry.
• Remove nail polish or artificial nails.

Question 14

How do you properly wash your hands?

Answer 14

• Wash hands and forearms up to the elbows for at least 30 seconds.
• Dry hands and forearms with low-lint disposable towels or wipes.
• Immediately before donning sterile gloves, apply a suitable alcohol-based hand rub.
• Allow hands to dry thoroughly before donning sterile gloves.

Question 15

How do you properly garb yourself?

Answer 15

Shoe covers
Head and facial hair covers
Face mask/eye shields (hand hygiene procedure)
Gown (alcohol-based hand rub)
Sterile gloves

Question 16

Contamination can occur at any point during handwashing and garbing procedures. Be careful and aware of your surroundings. With any question of contamination, remove PPE and ____ the procedure.

Answer 16

restart

Question 17

Expired, unused, or contaminated nonhazardous medications (IV bags, IV tubing, vials) are discarded in ____ or ____ pharmaceutical waste containers.

Answer 17

BLUE or BLUE and WHITE

Question 18

Needles or sharp objects are disposed of in ____ biomedical plastic.

Answer 18

RED

Question 19

Supply packaging, gowns, and other PPE used in nonhazardous sterile preparation can be disposed of in the ____

Answer 19

regular trash can

Question 20

Hazardous pharmaceutical waste and medications are discarded in BLACK containers. This also includes the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s -P Listing of certain medications:

Answer 20

Arsenic trioxide
Nitroglycerin (commonly seen in hospitals)
Phentermine
Physostigmine (commonly seen in hospitals)
Warfarin (commonly seen in hospitals)
Empty containers of P-listed medications

Question 21

All chemotherapy medications are listed as U and discarded in ____ containers

Answer 21

YELLOW

Question 22

Dual waste (hazardous + infectious) is discarded in ____ buckets.

Answer 22

PURPLE