Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

Additional practices?

A

Infection prevention and control activities used in addition to routine practices for clients with known or suspected infections

  • airborne
  • droplet
  • contact
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2
Q

Airborne precautions?

A

Used in clients who have illnesses transmitted by droplets less than 5 microns
Ex measles, TB

N95 respirator mask
Gloves
Gown
Eye protection

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3
Q

Droplet precautions?

A

Used in clients who have illnesses transmitted by particle droplets greater than 5 microns
Ex. Flu,

Surgical mask
Gloves
Gown
Eye protection

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4
Q

Contact precautions?

A

Used in clients who have illnesses easily transmitted by direct or by contact with items in client environment
Ex. C-diff

Gloves
Gown
Mask

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5
Q

What are routine practices?

A

Infection prevention and control activities used in the care of all clients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status
Ex. Hand hygiene

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6
Q

Precautions for immunocompromised clients?

A

Routine practices
Additional precautions appropriate to their condition
Use of single room

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7
Q

Transporting clients with infections?

A

Avoid unless necessary
If client must be moved used measures to prevent soiling environment
Notify personnel at receiving area of any infection risks so they can maintain precautions

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8
Q

2 common problems of people in isolation precautions?

A

Develop problems as a result of separation from others
1) sensory deprivation: occurs when the environment lacks normal stimuli for client ex. Communication
S&S: boredom, inactivity, day dreaming, increased sleeping

2) feeling of inferiority: caused by the perception of the infection or to the precautions
- feeling soiled, contaminated or dirty, client may feel at fault

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9
Q

What are some complications of the psychosocial complications of isolation precautions?

A

Increased pain, vital signs

  • all psychosocial d/t nurse coming in when there is a problem
  • pt wants company/visit
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10
Q

Interventions to meet the psychosocial needs of clients under isolation?

A

Assess the individuals need for stimulation
Initiate measures to meet the needs of the client
-toys, tv
Explain the infection and the need for precautions
Demonstrate warm and accepting behaviour
Do not use stricter precautions than are indicated

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11
Q

Nursing responsibilities for infection prevention and control?

A

Initiating and maintaining routine practices
Assessment of client and evaluating changes
Ensuring visitors wash their hands and follow posted instructions
Demonstrating prevention behaviours
Ex. aseptic technique

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12
Q

Differences in infection control in acute care settings?

A
Isolation
-close doors, windows, place alarms
-negative pressure rooms
Cytotoxic precautions 
-yellow cytotoxic bin
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13
Q

How does risk management and infection control work together?

A
Level of communicability 
-assessment factors
-how pathogenic is it?
-who is at risk in population?
-hand hygiene audit 
Decrease health care associated infections
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14
Q

True or false?

Isolation increases recovery time?

A

True

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15
Q

H1N1 vs H5N1?

A

H1N1: swine flu, resp infection caused by virus
-symptoms are similar in pigs and humans

H5N1: avian flu
-rare human transmission

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16
Q

TB?

A

Infectious disease that mainly affect lungs
Airborne precautions
-spores travel on air

17
Q

SARS?

A

Infectious disease caused by corona virus

Droplet precaution

18
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis?

A

Flesh eating disease

Acute disease in which inflammation of the fasciae of the muscles or other organs results in rapid destruction of overlying tissues

Droplet precautions
-strep A = close associations

19
Q

What are reverse isolation?

A

Protecting patient for us instead of us from patient

-immunosuppressed pts

20
Q

Combined precautions?

A

Enhanced precautions

Ex.
-combination of droplet and contact

21
Q

Chemo precautions?

A

Cytotoxic body fluids

-contact