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Nursing > Infection Control > Flashcards

Infection Control Flashcards

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1
Q

Infection

A

When micros invade the body

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2
Q

Chain of infection

A

Infectious Agent-Reservoir-Portal of Exit-Mode of Transmission-Portal of Entry- Susceptible Host

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3
Q

Normal Flora

A

Body’s Bacteria - aids in gi, limits growth of bad bacteria, synthesize vit k, b12, thiamine, and riboflavin

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4
Q

Pathogen

A

organism capable of disease

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5
Q

types of pathogens

A

bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa-worms and infectious protein

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6
Q

Mode of transmission

A

direct, animal direct, fomite

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7
Q

direct contact

A

touching, kissing, sex

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8
Q

fomite

A

contaminated object that transfers pathogen

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9
Q

reservoir

A

location of infection

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10
Q

different reservoirs

A

non-living- soil/water/food/surface
living - animals/insects/humans
carrier

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11
Q

carrier

A

have pathogen but no s/s of disease

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12
Q

portal of exit

A

body fluids, cuts, bites, abrasions

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13
Q

portal of entry

A

opening into body

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14
Q

types of portal of entry

A

eyes, nares, mouth, urethra, vagina, cuts, scrapes, bites, wounds

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15
Q

susceptible host

A

person with inadequate defenses such as old or young

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16
Q

factors leading to infection

A
  1. power to infect
  2. number of pathogen transmitted
  3. Host defense
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17
Q

classification of infection

A 
local- one area
systemic-whole body
primary-cause
secondary-happens after treatment
exogenous-other people
endogenous-already in body
iatrogenic-result from treatment
acute-sudden
chronic-long term
latent-carrier
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18
Q

stages of infection

A

Incubation
Prodromal
Illness
Convalescence

19
Q

Incubation

A

Expo to infection

20
Q

Prodromal

A

First appearance of symptoms

21
Q

Illness

A

Appearance of disease; Untreated –>death

22
Q

What determines length of illness and convalescence?

A

Infection

23
Q

Convalescence

A

s/s begin to subside
tissues getting back to norm
may have temp/perm change

24
Q

Bodies defenses against infection

A

Inflammatory and Immune Response

25
Q

Inflammatory Response

A

Acute-Redness,heat,swelling, pain.
Constrict–>Dilate
Flood with fluid
Phagocytes cover area

26
Q

Immune Response

A

Has Humoral and cellular immunity

27
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign protein

28
Q

Antibody

A

Body produces in response to antigen

29
Q

Cellular immunity

A

Inc WBC goes after foreign protein

30
Q

Body’s Primary defense

A 
Intact Skin
Mucous
Cilia
Hair in Nose
Lysozyme in tears and saliva
Acid/Bile
Vomiting/Diarrhea
31
Q

Secondary Defense

A

Phagocytosis
Complement cascade
Inflammation
Fever

32
Q

Complement Cascade

A

Blood protein causes pathogen’s cell wall to rupture

33
Q

Tertiary Defense

A

Specific Immunity
Cell Mediated Immunity
Humoral Immunity

34
Q

Specific Immunity

A

Lympocytes
T cells/ B cells
Antibodies

35
Q

Cell Mediated

A 
T cells
Cytotoxic
Helper
Memory
Suppressor
36
Q

Humoral Immunity Antibodies

A

Phagocytosis
Neutralization
Agglutination
Activation of complete & inflammation

37
Q

Support of Immune Defense

A 
Nutrition
Hygiene
Rest/exercise
Stress reduction
Immunization
38
Q

Factors that increase risk

A 
Developmental stage
Breaks in defense
smoking
substance abuse
illness/injury
environment
medications
procedures
multi sex partners
39
Q

CDC Tier One

A 
Wash hands before/after everthing
Never Recap needles
Splash precaution with goggles/mask
Soil precaution with gown
Clean all equipment
40
Q

CDC Tier Two

A

Contact, Droplet, & Airborne Precautions

Protective Isolation

41
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A 
Sterile
Surgical Scrub
Surgical Attire
Sterile technique
Sterile fields
42
Q

When exposed to blood

A

Wash area w/ soap and water
Clean with soap/alcohol
Call employee health asap
Lab work for you and patient for baseline

43
Q

Infection Control Nurse

A

Mini infection in facility
Be current on info on infections
Tracks & reports

44
Q

Bioterrorism

A

Recognize patterns
Are nurses getting sick?
Similar resistant

Nursing (9 decks)

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