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Med lab > Infection Control (1) > Flashcards

Infection Control (1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Infection control?

A

When a microorganism invades the body, multiplies and causes injury or disease.

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2
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A microbe that can cause diseases, and microbes could be bacteria, fungi, protozoa or viruses.

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3
Q

What are the components of the chain of infections?

A
  1. Infectious agents
  2. Reservoir
  3. Exit pathway
  4. Means of transmission
  5. Entry pathway
  6. Susceptible host
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4
Q

What are the Four main functions of the Infections Control Program?

A
  1. To protect patients, employees
  2. To screen employees
  3. To provide evaluation and treatment
  4. To monitor employees and patients
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5
Q

What are the Infection Control Programs?

A
  • Effective hand hygiene procedure
  • Good nutrition
  • Immunization against common pathogens
  • Insect and pest control
  • Isolation and decontamination procedures
  • Use of proper safety devices
  • Wearing PPE when needed
  • Disposal procedures (e.g., sharps)
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6
Q

What are the steps in performing the routine hand-washing technique?

A
  1. Stand a few inches from the sink to avoid contamination
  2. Turn on the faucet and place hands under the running water
  3. Use soap and work up lather to ensure that surfaces are reached
  4. Scrubbing for at least 15 seconds is necessary. Make sure to scrub all surfaces especially between the fingers and the knuckles.
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7
Q

Hand Hygiene - Essential and effective way to prevent infections that can be transmitted from the patient and healthcare personnel during the procedure.

A
  1. Before touching a patient
  2. Before clean/aseptic procedure
  3. After body fluid exposure risk
  4. After touching a patient
  5. After touching patient sorroundings
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8
Q

Steps in performing the routine hand-washing technique (Continuation)

A
  1. Apply a little friction and rub hands together for at least 15 seconds
  2. Rinse the hands from the wrist to fingertips using a downward motion
  3. Dry hands using a clean paper towel
  4. Use the paper world to close the faucet.
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9
Q

What do we use in routine hand washing?

A

Plain soap and water

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10
Q

When do we need to do the routine hand wash?

A
  • When hands are visibly dirty
  • After known exposure to Clostridium difficile, Bacillus anthracis, and infectious diarrhea during norovirus outbreaks
  • Before eating
  • After using the restroom
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11
Q

When using hand antisepsis

A
  • Uses an antimicrobial soap or alcohol-based hand sanitizer to remove transient microorganisms
  • Alcohol-based hand sanitizer - preferred when hands are not visibly dirty.
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12
Q

Things that are included in PPE

A

Gloves
gowns
laboratory coats
masks
face shields
goggles
respirators

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12
Q

Things that are included in PPE

A

Gloves
gowns
laboratory coats
masks
face shields
goggles
respirators

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12
Q

Things that are included in PPE

A

Gloves
gowns
laboratory coats
masks
face shields
goggles
respirators

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13
Q

Why do we use gloves?

A

To reduce transmission of microorganism from personnel to patients during blood collection and when handling specimen.

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14
Q

Why do we use gloves?

A

To reduce transmission of microorganism from personnel to patients during blood collection and when handling specimen.

15
Q

Donning of PPE

A
  1. Gown should be put on first
  2. Mask should cover both the nose and mouth
  3. Gloves should be pulled over the gown cuff.
16
Q

Doffing of PPE

A
  1. Gloves are removed first. Do not touch contaminated areas with ungloved hands
  2. Gown should be pulled from the shoulders towards the hand so it is tuned inside out.
  3. Mask should be removed by only touching the string
17
Q

Nursery and Neonatal ICU Infection-Control Technique

A
  1. Proper handwashing procedure should be done before putting on the PPE
  2. The phlebotomist should only bring necessary items for the specimen collection
  3. Blood collection tray should be left outside the nursery. Preferably the anteroom
  4. Gloves should be removed. Hands should be washed. New pair of gloves should be used between patients.

Med lab (10 decks)

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