Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

gcse biology > infection and response > Flashcards

infection and response Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

 what are some causes of noncommunicable diseases

A

Lack of exercise, alcohol, smoking, UV radiation, high intake of sugars, and fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a benign tumour?

A

It stays in one part of the body and tends to be contained in a membrane, so usually doesn’t spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a malignant tumour?

A

It is not contained, so it can travel in the blood to other tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How did tumours form?

A

Cells multiply excessively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

State four causes of cancer

A

Genetic
Mutations
radiation
Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the two ways of treating cancer?

A

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Microorganisms that enter the body and caused disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do bacteria make you feel ill?

A

They produce toxins that damage your cells and tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do viruses make you feel ill?

A

They live inside yourselves and replicate themselves. The cell will burst releasing the viruses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How can pathogens be spread?

A

Water air and direct contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name three diseases caused by fungi

A

Athletes foot, ringworm, rose blackspot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

name four diseases caused by viruses or fungi

A

Measles, HIV, tobacco mosaic virus, rose blackspot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a vector?

A

An organism that spreads disease by carrying pathogens between people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how can we prevent disease?

A

Hygiene, destroying, vectors, isolating, infected, individuals, vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which features stop pathogens getting in the body

A

Skin, hair, mucus, trachea, bronchi, Cilia, stomach acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is phagocytosis?

A

When white blood cells, ingest, digest, and destroy pathogens

17
Q

How do white blood cells stop pathogens?

A

pathogen invades body
It multiplies and produces toxins
White blood cells produces antibodies
Antibody binds to antigen
Pathogen and invades again , body recognises it and fight it

18
Q

name, two medicines that were discovered by studying plants

A

Aspirin and digitalis

19
Q

what do vaccines contain?

A

Dead pathogens, or weaken pathogens

20
Q

What is a vaccination do?

A

Create immunity without making you sick

21
Q

how do vaccinations work?

A

It injects, dead or weakened pathogens into the body
White blood cells respond as if it were a life pathogen
Memory cells will remember pathogen if it invades again

22
Q

what are drugs tested for?

A

efficacy, safety, dosage

23
Q

what is the order of things that get tested on for medicine and drugs?

A

Cells in a lab, animals, a few healthy people, a few sick people, lots of sick people

24
Q

name four ways to kill bacteria

A

Temperature
Disinfectants
Antiseptics
Antibiotics

25
Q

how did antibiotics kill bacteria?

A

Breaks down the cell wall, but not your own cell

26
Q

What is a monoclonal antibody?

A

Produced from lots of clones of a single white blood cell, meaning all the antibodies are identical and will only target one specific antigen 

27
Q

how to pregnancy test work?

A

The hormone bones onto the antibodies on the blue beads on the bit you wee on
The urine moves up the stick, carrying the hormone and the beads
The beats and hormones bind to the antibodies on the strip
So blue beads, get stuck on the strip, turning it blue

28
Q

what can monoclonal antibodies be used for?

A

Treating diseases, and in laboratories and research to find specific substances

29
Q

what are some problems to monoclonal antibodies?

A

More side effects, E.G fever, vomiting, and low blood pressure.

30
Q

what is an advantage to monoclonal antibodies

A

Cancer treatment. Other cancer treatments can affect normal body cells as well as killing cancer cells, whereas monoclonal antibodies target specific cells.

31
Q

what are signs that a plant has a disease

A

Stunted growth
Abnormal growths
Spots
Malformed stems or leaves
decay
Discolouration

gcse biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions