infection and disease control

Question 1

what is asepsis?

Answer 1

• absence of illness producing micro-organisms

Question 2

what is medical asepsis?

Answer 2

• the use of precise practice to reduce the number, growth, and spread micoogranisms

Question 3

what surgical asepsis?

Answer 3

• precise practice to reduce all microorganism

Question 4

what is clean technique?

Answer 4

• reducing the number of microorganisms to minimize the risk of infection
• appropriate hand hygiene
• clean gloves
• NOT STERILE

Question 5

what is a systemic infection?

Answer 5

• start as local infections then spread the blood stream

Question 6

what are some common signs and symptoms of systemic infections?

Answer 6

• def: infection that spread to the body
• sign & symptoms:
  
  • fever
  • increase heart rate
  • respiratory rate
  • lethargic
  • tenderness or engagement of lymph nodes

Question 7

what is a localized infection?

Answer 7

• infection confined to one area of the body

Question 8

what are the signs & symptoms of localized infections?

Answer 8

• redness, swelling, warmth, pain, tenderness, drainage, numbness or tingling, loss of function

Question 9

what’s the best way to prevent infection?

Answer 9

• hand washing / hand hygiene !!!!!

Question 10

what can nurses do to keep a clean technique environment?

Answer 10

• don’t place items on the floor
• don’t shake linens
• clean least soiled area first then to most soiled
• use plastic bags
• use biohazard bags when need be and alert anyone who touches the bag what the containments are
• prevent splashing

Question 11

what are some practices to maintain a sterile field

Answer 11

• cover sterile items
• only sterile items can be on sterile field
• do not reach across sterile field
• do not turn back on sterile filed
• hold items at 6 inch above sterile field
• keep surfaces dry
• keep sterile items above waist level

Question 12

what is contact precautions?

Answer 12

• meant to protect infections spread by indirect or direct contact with the patient’s environment
• ex:
  
  • MRSA
  • C Diff
  • scabies
  • norovirus

Question 13

what are the precautions for patients on contact precautions?

Answer 13

• gloves, googles, gown, mask
• transmission within 3 ft of client
• private room
• gown

Question 14

what is contact precautions?

Answer 14

• meant to protect infections spread through respiratory droplets generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking
• ex: the flu, whooping cough, RSV

Question 15

what methods are used for droplet precautions?

Answer 15

• private room
• mask
• infection can spread 3 - 10 ft

Question 16

what are airborne precautions?

Answer 16

• are used to prevent the spread of germs through the air or dust

Question 17

what methods are used for airborne precautions?

Answer 17

• private room, door remaining closed
• N 95 mask
• correct PPE

Question 18

what PPE is used for airborne precaution?

Answer 18

• medical gloves
• face protection: googles or face shield
• contact precaution: gown
• N95 mask

Question 19

what PPE is sued for droplet precaution?

Answer 19

• normal mask
• face shield
• gloves
• gown

Question 20

what are HAI’s? and what do they mean for patients?

Answer 20

• healthcare associated infections
• they are infections acquired in a healthcare facility
• they could mean prolonged recovery, disability, increased cost
• ex: bloodborne pathogens, respiratory tract, UTI