Infection Flashcards
what is a bactericidal antibiotic?
antibiotic that destroys/kills bacteria
what is a bacteriostatic antibiotic?
antibiotic that stops/slows growth of bacteria
1 thing to do to prevent healthcare-associated infections
hand-washing
what does an antiseptic do?
inhibits growth of microorganisms (static)
where are antiseptics applied?
exclusively to living tissue
what does a disinfectant do?
kills organisms (cidal)
where are disinfectants applied?
to nonliving objects
what should be done before therapy of infection with antibiotics?
culture areas of infection
treatment of an infection before specific culture info has been reported or obtained
empiric therapy
antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organism identified with cultures
definitive therapy
treatment with antibiotics to prevent an infection, as in intraabdominal surgery or after trauma
prophylactic therapy
decrease in specific signs and symptoms of an infection are noted
therapeutic response
signs and symptoms of infection do not improve
sub therapeutic response
antibiotic that is effective against a broad range of bacteria
broad-spectrum
antibiotic that is effective against only a few bacteria
narrow-spectrum
If a patient begins to flush during vancomycin treatment what is the best course of action?
slow the rate
Ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone ) has the potential to cause what?
achilles tendon tear (&photosensitivity)
If a patient is receiving antibiotic therapy and begins to show signs of swelling, itching and redness and difficulty breathing what would the RN assume is occurring?
anaphylaxis
What should the nurse education about when administering rifampin?
may turn patient’s bodily fluids orange
What is a side effect of isoniazid?
peripheral neuritis
What vitamin may be added to isoniazid therapy?
vitamin B6 or pyridoxine
What diagnostic procedure is important for acute glomerulonephritis?
Antistreptolysin O titer
What are the signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis?
Dyspnea, Night sweats, blood cough, productive cough
what diagnostic test confirms TB?
sputum culture
penicillin has cross-sensitivity to
cephalosporins
penicillin suprainfection can occur with
Candida albicans (yeast infection)
vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus
otoxicity
QT prolongation on ECG
ventricular dysrhythmias
c. diff and vaginal infections (candidasis)
suprainfections
fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) used for
prevention of anthrax
monitor what when on isoniazid?
LFTs (because hepatotoxicity)
anorexia, malaise, fatigue, yellowish discoloration of skin
hepatotoxicity
What are the signs and symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis?
Cola-colored urine, Elevated BUN and creatinine, Edema, Hypertension, Decreased GFR
results from pyridoxine deficiency
peripheral neruopathy
an infection acquired by person who has not been hospitalized or had a medical procedure
community acquired infection
infection contracted in a hospital that was not present on admission
hospital acquired infection
hypotension and flushing of the face and trunk
red person syndrome
stomach infection with bloody stools, watery diarrhea, and abdominal pain
c difficile
pain, burning, redness and swelling at the IV site
Thrombophlebitis
erythromycin is given with __ oz of water
8
enzyme that stops potential resistance by blocking action of deactivation of beta-lactum
clavulanic acid
indicated for active and latent TB
isoniazid
TB: patients have cough longer than…
3 weeks
med that inhibits growth of mycobacteria by preventing synthesis of mycolic acid in cell wall
isoniazid
monitor what lab when taking isoniazid or rifampin?
LFTs
c difficile is treated with oral
vancomycin
penicillins and cephalosporins commonly used for what disorder?
pneumonia
position for a pneumonia patient?
high fowlers
penicillin or erythromycin commonly treat what?
glomerulonephritis
observe a patient for how long after parental therapy?
30 min
azithromycin 3 major complications:
dysthrymias, otoxicity, c diff and yeast infections
when on fluoroquinolone, avoid what for 2 hours?
antacids
