Infection Flashcards
What antibiotic is used to treat sepsis eg neisseria meningitidis?
Ceftriaxone.
What antibiotic is used to treat UTI?
Trimethoprim.
What antibiotic is used to treat pneumocystis pneumoniae?
Co-trimoxazole.
What antifungal is used to treat candida?
Fluconazole.
What antiviral is used to treat herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus?
Aciclovir.
What antiviral is used to treat influenza A and B?
Oseltamivir (tamiflu).
Zanamivir.
What antiviral is used to treat cytomegaolovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients and as CMV prophylaxis in transplant patients?
Ganciclovir.
What antivirals are used to treat Hepatitis B?
Lamivudine.
Interferon alpha.
No cure, lifelong anti-virals to suppress viral replication, but not required for everyone eg inactive carrier.
What antivirals are used to treat Hepatitis C and chronic Hep C?
Sofosbuvir.
Interferon alpha.
A directly acting antiviral drug combination for 8-12 weeks.
Chronic - ribavirin with interferon alpha.
What antiviral is used to treat severe respiratory syncytial virus in infants?
Ribavirin.
What antibiotic is also used to treat Protozoa eg amoebae, giardia and trichomonas?
Metronidazole.
What antivirals are used to treat HIV?
3 anti-retro virals:
Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors eg zidovudine with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor eg nevirapine or a protease inhibitor eg ritonavir or an integrase inhibitor eg raltegravir.
What drugs are used to treat malaria P. falciparum malaria?
Artesunate or quinine and doxycycline.
What drugs are used to treat P. Vivax, ovale and malariae malaria?
Chloroquine and primaquine or hypnozoites if has reached liver stage.
What drugs are used to treat enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid)?
Ceftriaxone or azithromycin for 14 days.
What drugs are used to treat primary immunodeficiency diseases?
Regular immunoglobulin therapy (IvIg or Sclg formulations) for CVID, XLA and hyper-IgM syndromes.
Hematopoietic stem cell therapy for SCID.
What drugs are given to an asplenic/splenectomised patient to manage their increased susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria?
Penicillin prophylaxis.
Immunisation against encapsulated bacteria.
Medic alert bracelet and card.
What antibiotic is used to treat cellulitis?
Flucloxacillin.
What antibiotic is used to treat pharyngitis caused by strep pyogenes?
Penicillin V.
What drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Methotrexate. Sulfasalazine. Prednisolone. Rituximab. Infliximab.
What drugs are used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus?
Azathioprine.
Rituximab.
What drugs are used to treat vasculitis?
Azathioprine.
Methotrexate.
Rituximab.
What drugs are used as immunosuppressants in organ transplantation?
Mycophenolate mofetil.
Calcineurin inhibitors eg cyclosporine and tacrolimus.
