Infection

Question 1

What antibiotic is used to treat sepsis eg neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 1

Ceftriaxone.

Question 2

What antibiotic is used to treat UTI?

Answer 2

Trimethoprim.

Question 3

What antibiotic is used to treat pneumocystis pneumoniae?

Answer 3

Co-trimoxazole.

Question 4

What antifungal is used to treat candida?

Answer 4

Fluconazole.

Question 5

What antiviral is used to treat herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus?

Answer 5

Aciclovir.

Question 6

What antiviral is used to treat influenza A and B?

Answer 6

Oseltamivir (tamiflu).

Zanamivir.

Question 7

What antiviral is used to treat cytomegaolovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients and as CMV prophylaxis in transplant patients?

Answer 7

Ganciclovir.

Question 8

What antivirals are used to treat Hepatitis B?

Answer 8

Lamivudine.
Interferon alpha.
No cure, lifelong anti-virals to suppress viral replication, but not required for everyone eg inactive carrier.

Question 9

What antivirals are used to treat Hepatitis C and chronic Hep C?

Answer 9

Sofosbuvir.
Interferon alpha.
A directly acting antiviral drug combination for 8-12 weeks.
Chronic - ribavirin with interferon alpha.

Question 10

What antiviral is used to treat severe respiratory syncytial virus in infants?

Answer 10

Ribavirin.

Question 11

What antibiotic is also used to treat Protozoa eg amoebae, giardia and trichomonas?

Answer 11

Metronidazole.

Question 11

What antivirals are used to treat HIV?

Answer 11

3 anti-retro virals:
Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors eg zidovudine with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor eg nevirapine or a protease inhibitor eg ritonavir or an integrase inhibitor eg raltegravir.

Question 12

What drugs are used to treat malaria P. falciparum malaria?

Answer 12

Artesunate or quinine and doxycycline.

Question 12

What drugs are used to treat P. Vivax, ovale and malariae malaria?

Answer 12

Chloroquine and primaquine or hypnozoites if has reached liver stage.

Question 13

What drugs are used to treat enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid)?

Answer 13

Ceftriaxone or azithromycin for 14 days.

Question 14

What drugs are used to treat primary immunodeficiency diseases?

Answer 14

Regular immunoglobulin therapy (IvIg or Sclg formulations) for CVID, XLA and hyper-IgM syndromes.
Hematopoietic stem cell therapy for SCID.

Question 15

What drugs are given to an asplenic/splenectomised patient to manage their increased susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria?

Answer 15

Penicillin prophylaxis.
Immunisation against encapsulated bacteria.
Medic alert bracelet and card.

Question 16

What antibiotic is used to treat cellulitis?

Answer 16

Flucloxacillin.

Question 17

What antibiotic is used to treat pharyngitis caused by strep pyogenes?

Answer 17

Penicillin V.

Question 18

What drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 18

Methotrexate.
Sulfasalazine.
Prednisolone.
Rituximab.
Infliximab.

Question 19

What drugs are used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus?

Answer 19

Azathioprine.

Rituximab.

Question 20

What drugs are used to treat vasculitis?

Answer 20

Azathioprine.
Methotrexate.
Rituximab.

Question 21

What drugs are used as immunosuppressants in organ transplantation?

Answer 21

Mycophenolate mofetil.

Calcineurin inhibitors eg cyclosporine and tacrolimus.