CVS Flashcards
What drug can be administered to restore function in cardiac arrest?
Adrenaline.
What drug can be used to treat cardiogenic shock?
Dobutamine - beta1 agonist.
What drug can be used to treat resistant hypertension?
Alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists.
What drug can be used to slow heart rate and reduce force of contraction?
Propranolol - non selective beta1 and beta2 antagonist.
Atenolol - selective beta1 antagonist.
What drug can be used to treat glaucoma?
Pilocarpine - muscarinic agonist.
What drug can be used to dilate the pupils for examination of the eye?
Atropine - muscarinic antagonist.
What drug can be used to treat anaphylactic shock?
Adrenaline.
How would you manage a patient with hypertension?
Identify and treat underlying cause if present.
Lifestyle advice eg reduced salt intake, quitting smoking.
Ace inhibitors eg ramipril.
Ang II receptor antagonists eg losartan.
L-type Ca2+ channel blockers eg verapamil.
Thiazides diuretics eg bendroflumethiazide.
Beta blockers eg bisoprolol - where also other indications eg MI.
Alpha blockers eg doxazosin.
What drugs can be used to treat stable angina?
Aspirin. Beta blocker. Statin. ACE inhibitor. Oral nitrate. Ca2+ channel antagonists. Nicorandil.
What drugs can be used to treat an MI?
GTN.
Aspirin.
Second anti-platelet.
How would you manage a patient with heart failure?
Correct underlying cause eg valve surgery.
Lifestyle modification eg decreases salt and alcohol consumption.
Ace inhibitor eg ramipril and beta blocker.
If still symptomatic give mineralcorticoid receptor antagonist eg spironolactone.
Cardiac glycosides eg digoxin used when there is an arrhythmia eg AF.
Ivabradine.
Sacubitril.
What drugs can be used following an MI?
Lidocaine (class I, block voltage-dependant Na+ channels) - when signs of VT. Propranolol (class II, beta-adrenereceptor antagonists/beta blockers) - prevent ventricular arrhythmias. Amiodarone (class III, K+ channel blockers) - suppress ventricular arrhythmias.
What drugs are antithrombotic?
Heparin.
Low molecular weight heparin.
Warfarin.
Aspirin.
What drugs can be used to treat cardiogenic shock?
Beta-adrenoreceptor agonists.
What drugs can be used to slow ventricular rate in AF?
Beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists (beta blockers) eg propranolol, bisoprolol.
Calcium channel blockers eg verapamil, diltiazem with or without digoxin.
What drugs can be used for rhythm control in AF?
Sotalol or amiodarone.
Flecainide with bisoprolol.
What IV drugs are used to treat ventricular tachycardia?
Metoprolol.
Lignocaine.
Amiodarone.
What drugs are used to treat atrial flutter?
Flecainide with an AV nodal blocking drug.
What drugs are used to treat Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome?
Flecainide.
Amiodarone.
What drugs are used to treat acute re-entrant SVT?
Adenosine.
Verapamil.
Flecainide.
What drugs are used to treat chronic re-entrant SVT?
Bisoprolol. Verapamil. Sotalol or amiodarone. Flecainide. Procainamide.
What drugs are used to treat ectopic beats?
Bisoprolol.
Flecainide.
Sotalol or amiodarone.
What drugs are used to treat sinus tachycardia?
Ivabradine.
Bisoprolol.
Verapamil.
