Infection Flashcards
Master K 2 years old, has come into the practice to visit the nurse. He has been diagnosed as having widespread non-bullous impetigo. The practice nurse prescribes some treatment to help treat the impetigo for Master K. Master K has a severe allergy to Penicillin.
Which from below would be most suitable treatment?
A) Amoxicillin 125mg/5mL – 5mL TDS for 7 days
B)Flucloxacillin 125mg/5mL – 5mL TDS for 10 days
C) Clarithromycin 125mg/5mL – 2.5mL BD for 5 days
D) Clarithromycin 125mg/5mL – 10mL BD for 10 days
C) Clarithromycin 125mg/5ml - 2.5ml BD for 5 days
Mr DP presents in the pharmacy with a script for Doxycycline 100mg capsules 2 on the first day then 1 thereafter for 4 days (5 days in total) to treat his acute bronchitis. Upon checking his PMR you note that he takes a medication which could potentially interact with Doxycycline. You advise him to space out the administration of the Doxycycline and this particular medication by at least 2-3 hours.
Which medication from below should the administration be space out when taking Doxycycline?
A) Ferrous Sulphate
B)Sildenafil
C)Loperamide
D)Atorvastatin
A) Ferrous sulphate.
Master G, 8 years old has presented to the practice with symptoms of Acute Otitis Media. The practice nurse has decided to issue a prescription for a course of antibiotics. Master G is on no other medication and has no allergies.
What antibiotic would you expect to be prescribed for the first line treatment of acute otitis media for Master G?
A) Amoxicillin 500mg TDS for 5 days
B)Lymecycline 408mg BD for 14 days
C)Co-Amoxiclav 250/125mg TDS for 9 days
D) Metronidazole 400mg TDS for 7 days
A) Amoxicillin 500mg TDS for 5 days
What should the ‘trough’ concentration be for Gentamicin, when used in a multiple daily dose regimen for Endocarditis?
A) <0.5mg/L
B) <1mg/L
C) <2mg/L
D) <5mg/L
B) <1mg/L
The practice nurse has got in touch asking for some advice. She wishes to prescribe an antibiotic for a 42-year-old women who is presenting with a UTI. You look at the drug record for the women and note she has an extreme allergy to penicillin. She is also taking the following medication.
-Folic Acid 5mg – 3 days per week (not on same day as MTX)
-Methotrexate 20mg – 20mg ONCE weekly
-Paracetamol 500mg – 1-2 QDS PRN
Which of the antibiotics below would be most appropriate to prescribe to treat her UTI?
A)Nitrofurantoin
B)Co-amoxiclav
C)Cefalexin
D)Trimethoprim
A) Nitrofurantoin
Methotrexate and Trimethoprim is an interaction
Patient is allergic to Penicillins, Cefalexin = cross- sensitivity
Mrs Staph 38-years-old, has presented to you a prescription for Flucloxacillin 500mg TDS for 5 days. Upon dispensing the prescription, you note on her records she has a severe penicillin allergy, and confirm this with Mrs Staph, who also tells you she is also 12 weeks pregnant. Speaking to Mrs Staph, you find out that the reasoning why the Flucloxacillin was prescribed is due to a bite which the ANP believes is infected. You proceed to ring the ANP who wrote the prescription to inform them and suggest an alternative ABX to prescribe.
Which would be the most suitable Flucloxacillin alternative to suggest?
A)Clarithromycin
B)Doxycycline
C)Erythromycin
D)Co-amoxiclav
C) Erythromycin
Mr Moss Keto, has come to your travel clinic at the pharmacy. He believes he needs some anti-malaria tablets, before his travel to a country which has a high prevalence of malaria. Mr Moss Keto gives you a list of the medications he is currently taking as listed below:
-Sertraline 200mg OD for severe anxiety
-Propranolol 40mg TDS for severe anxiety
Which of the following anti-malarial medications would be the LEAST suitable for Mr Moss Keto based on his medication and clinical history?
A) Chloroquine
B)Chloroquine with proguanil
C)Mefloquine
D)Proguanil
C) Mefloquine
Contraindicated in people with current / history of depression
Mr R Hagrid 62-years-old presents a prescription after visiting the ANP at the local practice, due to being bitten by his dog Fluffy. The ANP has assessed the bite and believes it to be infected. Mr Hagrid has a severe penicillin allergy.
Which of the following is most likely to be prescribed by the ANP for the treatment of the infected bite?
A)Doxycycline
B)Amoxicillin
C)Doxycycline + Metronidazole
D)Clarithromycin
C) Doxycycline and metronidazole
Mrs S, a 36-year-old lady who is 1 month pregnant suffers from morning sickness. She has been experiencing a burning sensation upon urination and has a slightly elevated temperature. The doctor has decided to start her on antibiotics while waiting for her urine specimen culture testing results. Mrs S has no regular medication and is otherwise healthy.
Which of the following antibiotics would be the most suitable or Mrs S to start taking while doctor awaits the results of the culture?
A)Trimethoprim
B)Cefalexin
C)Methenamine hippurate
D)Doxycycline
E)Ciprofloxacin
B) Cefalexin
Trimethoprim is teratogenic in first trimester
Cephalosporins are safer
Miss T, a 56-year-old present at your pharmacy complaining of pain behind her right ankle. She is unable to weight bear on her right leg. She would like you to suggest some analgesics for her and you check her PMR for any existing medication before proceeding. You notice that she was dispensed a course of ciprofloxacin 500mg twice daily three days ago and confirms she has been taking them as prescribed since then. You suspect that she may have ruptured her tendon.
Which of the following factors would increase the risk of tendon damage in Miss T while taking ciprofloxacin?
A)Taking oral prednisone daily for the management of rheumatoid arthritis
B)A history of gout
C)Taking oral diclofenac daily for the management of osteoarthritis
D)Age over 55 years
E)A history of osteoporosis
A) Taking oral prednisolone daily for the management of rheumatoid arthritis
Concomitant use of corticosteroids and Ciprofloxacin can increase risk of tendon damage
A patient receives Amikacin 60mg by IM injection TDS for a soft tissue infection (target range for amikacin; peak 5-10mg/L, trough <2mg/L). Three days later a peak gentamicin level 9mg/L is reported, with a trough concentration 4mg/L.
Which of the following is an appropriate method of dose rationalisation?
A) Decrease the dose and decrease the dosage interval
B)Increase the dose and increase the dosage interval
C)Increase the dose and maintain same dosage interval
D)Maintain the same dose and increase the dosage interval
E)Maintain the same dose and decrease the dosage interval
D) Maintain the same dose and increase dosage interval
A regular patient comes into your pharmacy to pick up her prescription for Daktarin (miconazole) cream for a fungal skin infection. The patient asks you how long she should use the cream for.
Which of the following statements regarding Daktarin cream is TRUE?
A) Continue to apply for 5 days after the lesions have cleared
B) Continue to apply for 7 days after the lesions have cleared
C) Continue to apply for 10 days after the lesions have cleared
D)Continue to apply for 14 days after the lesions have cleared
E) Continue to apply for 21 days after the lesions have cleared
C) Continue to apply for 10 days after the lesions have cleared
An 8-year-old boy with a confirmed penicillin allergy has developed a chest infection and requires antibacterial treatment. His GP phones you to discuss which antibiotic would be most appropriate.
Which of the following antibiotics would be the most appropriate?
A)Co-amoxiclav
B)Doxycycline
C)Azithromycin
D)Ciprofloxacin
E)Ofloxacin
C) Azithromycin
Doxycycline is an alternative but this is not suitable for under the age of 12
Mrs Shelly is 42-year-old who comes into the pharmacy with a prescription for an antibiotic. She tells you that she has been diagnosed with an exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. She has no allergies and is not taking no other medication.
Which of the following is most likely to be on the prescription?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Cefradine
C) Erythromycin
D) Metronidazole
E) Fusidic acid
A) Amoxicillin
How is Malarone prescribed?
Proguanil 100mg / Atovaquone 250mg
Start treatment 1-2 days before entering the endemic area, continue throughout stay and for 1 week after leaving the endemic area
A customer asks the pharmacist to recommend an antacid for them as they are experiencing mild heartburn following a heavy lunch. Questioning reveals that they are also taking antibiotics and are due to take another dose now.
Which one of the following antibiotics is least likely to have its absorption and/or efficacy impaired if taken after a meal with an antacid?
A) Ciprofloxacin 250mg tablets
B) Co-amoxiclav 250mg/125mg tablets
C) Flucloxacillin 250mg capsules
D) Phenoxymethylpenicillin 250mg tablets
E) Tetracycline 250mg tablets
B) Co-amoxiclav
Can be taken with antacids without affecting the absorption of the antibiotic
What is prescribed for endogenous Cushing’s syndrome ?
Producing too much cortisol
Oral Ketoconazole tablets
A GP calls you to recommend the most appropriate antibiotic to treat their patient who has a genital chlamydia infection. The patient is 22 years old, has no other medication and no allergies.
Which of the following antibiotics is most suited to treat this infection immediately?
A) Clarithromycin
B) Erythromycin
C) Clindamycin
D) Azithromycin
E) Telithromycin
D) Azithromycin
A single dose of Azithromycin 1g can be given or a 7 day course of doxycycline
A 38-year-old woman is admitted to the ward with a urinary tract infection. He has hypothyroidism and myasthenia gravis. She has no known drug allergies. The antibiotic sensitivities have come back from the lab and she has been found to be sensitive to the following antibiotics.
Which of the following antibiotics would be least appropriate to give this patient?
A) Gentamicin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Ampicillin
D) Nitrofurantoin
E) Trimethoprim
A) Gentamicin
Aminoglycosides are contraindicated in myasthenia gravis = may impair neuromuscular transmission
The tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics which are often used in respiratory, skin and oral infections.
Which of the following statements regarding the tetracyclines is INCORRECT?
A) Tetracyclines are contraindicated in children under 12 years due to deposition in growing bone and teeth causing staining and possibly dental hypoplasia
B) Tetracyclines should not be given to pregnant women
C) Patients taking doxycycline should be advised to avoid exposure to sunlight or sun lamps
D)Tetracyclines may induce convulsions in patients with or without a history of convulsions
E) Tetracyclines should not be given to women who are breast-feeding
D) Tetracyclines may induce convulsions in patients with or without a history of convulsions
NOT TRUE
