Infection 1

Question 1

aminoglycosides activity?

Answer 1

bactericidal
gram negative mostly
some gram positive

Question 2

loading dose of gentamicin is based off?

Answer 2

renal function and IBW

Question 3

how many days of gentamicin?

Answer 3

try not to exceed 7 days if possible

Question 4

gentamicin peak and trough target?

Answer 4

5-10mg /L
trough <2

3-5mg/L in endocarditis (+amox)

Question 5

can you give gentamicin in pregnancy

Answer 5

avoid if possible

Question 6

Antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy?

Answer 6

MCAT
metro
chloramphenicol
ahminoglycosides 
tetracyclines

Question 7

antibiotics to avoid in children

Answer 7

tetracylines

quinolones (athropathy)

Question 8

Alternatives in penicillin allergy?

Answer 8

macrolides or metronidazole

Question 9

antibiotics to avoid in renal impairment?

Answer 9

nitrofurantoin if eGFR <40

tetracyclines

Question 10

AB choice in:

staph
MRSA
Strep
anaerobes 
pseudomonas

Answer 10

Strep: fluclox 
MRSA: Vanc (also linezolid)
strep: benzene 
anaerobes: metro
pseudomonas: gent

Question 11

what is clindamycin: 
class
mechanism of action 
range of action 
good to treat?
counselling?

Answer 11

lincasamide
bacteriostatic
narrow spectrum
osteomyelitis as concentrates in the bones
stop if diarrhoea (AB associated colitis)

Question 12

linezolid action?
range of action
what type of bacteria

Answer 12

bacteriostatic
narrow spectrum
gram positive, MRSA, anaerobes
NOT g negative

Question 13

linezolid what to look out for?

Answer 13

blood disorders: monitor weekly

visual changes: optic neuropathy

Question 14

linezolid interactions?

Answer 14

hypertensive crisis with MAOIs: SSRIs, TCA - wait 2 weeks after

Question 15

trimethoprim mechanism?

spectrum of action?

Answer 15

narrow spectrum- UTI only

bacteriocidal (stops DNA synthesis)

Question 16

trimethoprim side effects?

Answer 16

BMS: antifolate

hyperkalaemia

Question 17

dose of trimethoprim to treat UTI

Answer 17

200mg BD

Question 18

co-trimoxazole use

Answer 18

last line- restricted use due to resistance

first line for pneumocystis j.pneumonia

dont use for other indications without proof of sensitivity

Question 19

side effects of co-trimoxazole?

Answer 19

SJS, photosensitivity, rash

Question 20

chloramphenicol mechanism?
spectrum of activity?
uses?

Answer 20

bacteriostatic
broad spectrum
used in life threatening infections

Question 21

side effects of chloramphenicol

Answer 21

blood dyscriasis

grey baby syndrome so dont use in pregnancy

Question 22

metronidazole mechanism?
spectrum of activity?
uses?

Answer 22

bacteriacidal
narrow spectrum
anaerobes/ protozoa

dental, c.diff, rosacea, BV, h.pylori, protozoa infectons: trichamonas,

Question 23

metronidazole side effects?

Answer 23

GID

Oral: furred tongue, mucotitis, taste changes

Question 24

metronidazole counselling?

Answer 24

take with or after food, whole glass of water and avoid alcohol