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DHA Exam > infecsous > Flashcards

infecsous Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the most common bacteria to cause meningitis in ptn older than 50

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

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2
Q

What’s the most common bacteria to cause meningitis depends on the age group?

A

Less than 1 month = group B streptococcus/ between 1-2 years = streptococcus pneumoniae, / teenage years the same with neisseria meningiditis

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3
Q

Hospital acquired / ventilator lobar pneumonia cause

A

Pseudomonas aeroginosa

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4
Q

Pt with tb and pleural effusion, how to confirm that effusion is caused by tb

A

Pleural fluid WBC > 1000 ( sensitive test is elevated pleural fluid ADA level )
Most sensitive is high adenosine >45 IU

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5
Q

Ptn came with India with diarrhea what the causative organism

A

E. Coli

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6
Q

Ptn is his 20s present with painful cauliflower anal lesion what the cause

A

Condylomas acuminata

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7
Q

26 male with meningitis and seizure what to give

A

Vancomycin

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8
Q

Dengue mosquitoes time of activity

A

Early morning ( treatment is supportive and AVOID. NSAIDs)

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9
Q

Male ptn had unprotected sex, 3 days later developed purlent discharge / gram negative intracellular diplococci ) what’s the cause

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

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10
Q

What’s the optimal treatment period for streptococcus pharyngitis

A

10 days

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11
Q

Ptn on first line anti-TB medication is have numbness , parasthesia what to give him

A

Pyridoxine

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12
Q

History of tb and now presents with chronic cough with oral white patches inside and around mouth

A

Chronic coutaneous Candida

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13
Q

Teacher is complaining of abdominal pain , fatigue, itching with dark urine and palpable liver , two other students have the same

A

Hepatitis A

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14
Q

Ptn was found to have cavity on Chest xreay (TB) the infection precaution is

A

Airborne

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15
Q

Ptn with MERS treated with vancomycin 1000 over 20 min , the ptn developed facial swelling and flashing what to do

A

Continue with slow rate

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16
Q

If you are traveling to a place where there are like malaria mosquitoes , what’s the best prevention

A

Antibiotics

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17
Q

All pilgrims must take what vaccine

A

Against meningitis

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18
Q

Young male Ptn with altered sensorium, fever, nuchal rigidity, CSF shows : high protein, high cell count, normal glucose, what’s your diagnosis

A

Viral-meningio-encephalitis

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19
Q

Nurse works in pulmonary clinic is now having cough m dyspnea not responding to antibiotics, X-ray show opacity in the left upper lobe, what’s the diagnosis

A

TB ( mycobacterium)

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20
Q

Diabetic ptn with MARSA, UTI ,what antibiotic to give?

A

Vancomycin

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21
Q

What’s the most nephrotoxic anti TB?

A

Rifampicin

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22
Q

Solider will travel to malaria area, what to give for prophylaxis

A

Atovaqoune/proguanil ( malarone)

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23
Q

Old ptn came with meningiditis, the most likely organism is

A

S.pneumonia

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24
Q

Most common cause of fever in subsahara Africa is

A

Malaria

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25
Q

HIV ptn has toxoplasmosis infection, treatment

A

Pyremithamin + sulfadilazine

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26
Q

Time of isolation after treatment of meningitis

A

24 hour

27
Q

Contraindicated vaccine in people allergic to egg?

A

Yellow fever

28
Q

Prophylaxis of meningitis in old ppl

A

Rifampin

29
Q

Ptn with Candida esophagitis, history of multiple unprotected sex, what else to check? Or ptn traveled to Indonesia and has meningial sign , cryptococcal meningitis what else to test for?

A

HIV

30
Q

Name late complication of meningitis?

A

Deafness

31
Q

Infant with meningitis his CSF test shows positive cocci catalase positive , how to treat

A

Ampicillin

32
Q

Ptn with high WBCs , hypotension, fever is mostly having

A

Sever sepsis or septic shock

33
Q

Young ptn had sore throat and fever, took amoxicillin, a day after that he developed macular rash and general lymphadenopathy, diagnosis

A

Infectious mononucleosis

34
Q

Treatment of dengue fever?

A

Supportive

35
Q

Amebiasis, stool ( mix of blood , mucin ) what’s the organism

A

Entamebia histolytica

36
Q

+ve sexual history 6 years ago , labs WBC 0.3 Serology: cryptococcosis positive What is the best diagnostic test =

A

HIV serology

37
Q

Malaria negative results what to do next

A

Repeat every 8h for 43 hours ( blood smears should be repeated every 12–24 hours for a total of three sets before the diagnosis of malaria can be ruled out. )

38
Q

Which anti malaria drug mostly malaria will be resistant for it :

A

Chloroquine

39
Q

Malaria prevention sudan = give……..

A

Mefloquine

40
Q

Case of pt came from africa w hepatosplenomegaly :=

A

Malaria

41
Q

What is the peak time of west nile mosquito Infection ?

A

Ealrly morning

42
Q

35 indian male came for mecca then he developed convulsion , intermittent fever breathing problem after 2 days What is this

A

Malaria

43
Q

pt came only with fever and hx of Southeast Asia ?

A

Danger fever

44
Q

Retro Orbital pain, joint pain , muscle pain , came from travel ?

Young female presented with headache and fever,she recently came from
jeddah Labs shows low PLT , Low hemoglobin

A

Dengue

45
Q

Malaria treatment:

A

Artemisinin combination therapy

46
Q

oldier going to southern of saudi arabia came for malaria prophylaxis :

Malaria prophylaxis

A

Atovaqoun / proguanil

Malarone

47
Q

Malaria blood smear =…..

A

M.falciparum

48
Q

Patient known case of vitiligo, complaining of (signs of Vit B12 deficiency) what is the treatment

A

Parentral B12

49
Q

hypersegmented neutrophils are associated with which type of anemia ?

A

B12 and folate

50
Q

B12 deficiency is associated with an increased what?

A

Methylmalonic acid

51
Q

old pt with Chronic kidney disease present with labs show high WBC with arthritis=

A

CLL

52
Q

microcytic hyperchromic RBC = hereditary spherocytosis diagnosis

Neonate complaining of jaundice after 12 hours of delivery .. blood film and I think it show microcytic hyperchromic RBC (hereditary spherocytosis ) What investigation you will order

A

Osmotic fragility test

53
Q

Parvovirus b 19 in sickle cell anemia

Crisis of sickle cell patients , pale, low hemoglobin, no hepatosplenomegaly, type of crisis?

A

Aplastic crises

54
Q

18 Y has ALL. 17 days after chemo he develops fever around 38.7 C. No focus of infection found. Labs shows: low WBC 0.6 (normal was 4-10x..), Neutrophil level 60% (normal 40- 60%), i’m not sure if he has low platelets as well, what you’ll do:

A

Blood , urine culture and IV antibiotics

55
Q

known case of polymyalgia rheumatica presents with malignancy symptoms (weight loss and other non-specific constitutional sx), what is the diagnosis ? Labs showed anemia, low platelets and increased WBC (lymphocytes)

A

CLL

56
Q

24y kc of SCA came with headache, lethargy, pallor, Lab: hemoglobin very low, Reticulocytes: high, what most likely diagnosis?

Sickle cell anemia boy Came with lethargy pallor and headache Dx?

A

Hemolytic crises

57
Q

SCA came with chest ,back and lower limbs pain what’s mostly dx?

A

Acute chest syndrome

58
Q

SCD patient presents with hands and foots pain, the most important ongoing care is

A

Penicillin + vaccine

59
Q

Child 6yrs c/o fatigue, pale ….Ix hb 5.6 retics high SCD+ve treatment?

Sickle cell disease boy with severe abdominal pain, he looks pale and
fatigued, on P/E he has splenomegaly. Labs shows hemoglobin 3.2 gm/dl. What is the initial management

A

Blood transfusion / two pRBC transfusion

60
Q

7 y/o presented to with SOB and fatigue Labs showed anemia + thrombocytopenia (no WBC) Sickle screen was positive Which one of the following is the most important investigation?

A

Reticulocyte count

61
Q

Pt with respiratory distress + high fever + low hb + high Ritcs count + pulmonary systolic murmur what is the diagnosis

A

Sickle cell anemia

62
Q

Crisis of sickle cell patients , pale, low hemoglobin, no hepatosplenomegaly, type of crisis?

A

Aplastic

63
Q

Sickle cell disease boy with pain in hands and foots. What is the initial management?

A

IV fluids and analgesia

DHA Exam (21 decks)

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