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DHA Exam > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Sickle cell Ptn presented with unilateral lower limb pain, tachycardia,fever ,with no sign of inflammation, what the case causes

A

Vaso-occlusive crisis

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2
Q

Ptn on warfarin present with ICH, what’s the management

A

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP), Vitamin K

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3
Q

Ptn presented with anemia, bleeding, epistaxis, ecchymosis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia what’s the diagnosis

A

Aplastic anemia

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4
Q

Young female ptn presents to ER with Abd. Pain , spleenomegaly, jaundice and pigmented glall stones what’s your diagnosis?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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5
Q

Ptn with history of sickle cell disease present with hip pain what’s the cause

A

Avascular necrosis

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6
Q

Ptn had car accident and his hemoglobin now is 6 what to give him

A

Packed RBCS

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7
Q

Ptn on chemotherapy develops dry mouth and headache what’s the cause

A

Hypocalcemia

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8
Q

Case of sickle cell anemia is asking about the first step in the management

A

IVF, analgesia

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9
Q

PTH had orthopedic surgery now on heparin developed bruising , what is it

A

HIT

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10
Q

Female had a child with sickle cell disease, now she re-

Married and came for screening, what should you do for her

A

Paternal HB electrophoresis

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11
Q

What indicate hemolysis

A

High unconjugated hemoglobin

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12
Q

Ptn with DVT developed bleeding after he was given treatment what reverse the action of streptokinase

A

Aminocaproic acid

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13
Q

Old ptn developed DVT from popliteal to femoral artery after rectal surgery, what to give

A

Enoxaparin

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14
Q

Ptn on total parentral feeding developed weakness and convulsions what electrolyte is decreased

A

Hypomagnesemia

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15
Q

Ptn with nephritis ( hematuria) after a week he develops hemoptysis, what’s your diagnosis?

A

Good pasture syndrome

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16
Q

Old ptn with DVT, what’s indicative to do thrombophilia test

A

Connective tissue disease

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17
Q

Ptn with Polymyalgia rheumatica and other disease present with fatigue, has high lymphocytes what’s the diagnosis

A

CLL

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18
Q

Case of lymhydema, what’s the best diagnostic test

A

Lymphoscintigram

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19
Q

In iron deficiency anemia the TIBC is high or low

A

High

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20
Q

Ptn with neurological symptoms with picture of hyper-segmented neutrophils and megakaryocytes , diagnosis

A

Vitamin B12 anemia

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21
Q

Ptn deteriorated after rapid IV fluids , how to prevent this

A

Give fluids over 48 hours

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22
Q

Ptn with enlarged lymph nodes, biopsy shows follicular cells , what to do ?

A

Refer to surgery

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23
Q

Ptn on total parentral nutrition, his INR is 3 otherwise is normal, what to give

A

Vitamin K

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24
Q

Ptn on total parentral nutrition can have develops hypo…….and hypo ( which causes weakness, convulsion, vitiligo)

A

Hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia

25
What type of anemia is ass. With SLE ( hemoglobin electrophoresis normal , high: ferritin, reticulocytes, lactate dehydrogenase) and low hepatoglobin
Hemolytic anemia
26
Arthralgia + rash + normal platelets, diagnosis
Henoch scholine pupura
27
Ptn on warfarin, fell down and had intracranial hemorrhage, what to give
FFB and vitamin K
28
Patient with typical picture of Hsp asking about dx :
Hypersensitivity vasculitis
29
patient 65 years old post massive surgery! Patient lost alot of blood +patient have given 15 bage of RBC after time nurse notes that the patient start bleeding from iv and nasogastric tube? What is the cause of the bleeding
Blood reaction / transfusion reaction
30
Type of anemia in alcoholism?
Megaloblastic folate deficiency
31
73-year-old man comes to the office with fatigue that has become progressively worse over the last several months. He is also short of breath when he walks up one flight of stairs. He drinks 4 vodka martinis a day. He has numbness and tingling in his feet. On physical examination he has decreased sensation of his feet. His hematocrit is 28% and MCV is 114 fL (elevated). What is the most appropriate next step in management?
Peripheral blood smear
32
Asymptomatic 3 months old baby, with CBC result of mild hypochromic, microcytic anemia, what is the diagnosis?
Thalassemia trait
33
pt on Total parenteral nutrition give value of PT and INR what is the cause ?
Vit K deficiency
34
60 y/o patient blood transusion after 10 m developed pain in the site of canula and difficulty breathing and is febril:
A_ Fibril non hemolytic anemia.
35
CLL patient on day 17 develops neutropenic fever, what will you do:
Septic screening and IV antibiotics
36
pt medically free go to tooth extraction and pt develop petechial rash andHb high+ erythropoietin low + Platelet high, diagnosis
Polycythemia vera
37
Polycythemia effect on spleen
Spleenomegaly
38
How to prevent acute chest syndrome?
Hydroxyurea
39
scenario of anemic pt. Lab showed *pancytopenia* dx:
Aplastic anemia
40
Sickle cell disease patient. Present with crisis. Respiratory symptoms. Splenomegaly. Hemoglobin 3.4 g/dl (iʼm sure of v'lue). Wh'tʼs the best initi'l step in m'n'gement
IV fluids, analgesics
41
(crescent RBC’s) =
Sickle cell anemia
42
Elderly, Diabetic, obese female e sickle cell trait has Lithiasis what kind of stone she has:
Mixed
43
pt recurrent splenic sequestration ask about management =
Splenectomy
44
case with high HbA2 =
beta thalassemia minor [ defect in single gene (heterozygous) ] no ttt required
45
β-Thalassemia Major =
defect in both gene homozygous hemolysis of RBCs, sever anemia, jaundice increase in HbF(90_ 100%) = low HbA2 (2%) iron overload progressing to hemochromatosis (secondary to repeated transfusions ) gross hepatosplenomegaly skull x-ray has “hair-on-end” appearance pigmented gallstones Treatment=lifelong regular transfusions + iron chelation (e.g. deferoxamine) + splenectomy .
46
Male pt asymptomatic came for check up, drinks alcohol occasionally every weekend. LFT showed mildly elevated enzymes, ferritin 490 high, TIBC high, dx:
Hemochromatosis
47
Brittle Nails pict Dx?
Iron deficiency anemia
48
Child of iron ingestion came after several hour Iron 90, What you will do? iron overdose before 4 to 5 hours and he was stable = Don’t need to give him at this stage Iron overload is managed within 8 hours ? -Deferoxamine IV
IV defroxamine ( is given within 24 hours as infusion)
49
Case pt with bronze skin and long case with labs , what is important Investigation ?
Liver biopsy to check iron
50
Pt with anemia after two visit not improved with iron supplements what test do?
Hb electrophoresis
51
severe case Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Treatment ?
* folic acid | * stop ofending drugs and avoid triggers • transfusion in severe cases
52
After URTI child complain of bruises ,, lab show low platelet? After URTI , develop thrombocytopenia gum bleeding and brusing in lower extremities =
ITP
53
What’s treatment for ITP
if platelets < 15= give prednisone, if didn’t work last thing do splenectomy But if platelets > 15 observation
54
🌹 Patient has fever and headache petechiae. what’s the diagnosis ? - thrombocytopenia and uremia in studies and has fever and headache Pt with fever and headeche . Pic shows shistocyte = picture of Schistocytes blood smear Young lady with 2 days history of fever and headache. The patient presented only with petechial rash ( Normal PT, aPTT, INR Thrombocytopenia ) Third Q: Plt was very low (in 20s) and macrocytic anemia, all other labs were
TTP not ITP TTP : Fever, headache , hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia HUS: hemolytic anemia, diarrhea, renal failure ITP: Hx of URTI with low platelet only HSP : Hx of URTi , abdominal pain , joints pain , hematuria, rash in buttocks
55
Young lady with 2 days history of fever and headache. The patient presented only with petechial rash. High [ PT, aPTT, INR ]. Low [ Platelet, Fibrinogen ]
DIC
56
TTP with peripheral blood smear pic .. ask about Dx and then management
Exchange transfusion
57
Patient of ALL post chemo develops headache and dry mouth what is the electrolyte derangement
Hypocalcemia
58
patient with polymyalgia rheumatica, which of the following is associated?
CLL

DHA Exam (21 decks)

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