Infants with neuro disorders

Question 1

What is CP? What are some causes?

Answer 1

neuro disorder affecting body movement, muscle coordination/balance
stroke, car accident, SBS,

Question 2

Describe the types of CP

Answer 2

Hemi- one side of body is involved
quad- whole body
diplegia: only lower body
mono- one extremity involved

Question 3

What are some common impairments with CP

Answer 3

hyper/hypotonicity, seizure, poor gait, contracture, B/B

Question 4

When treating patients with CP what are some theories we may use?

Answer 4

biomechanical, PEO, dynamic systems, motor learning

Question 5

What are some assessments/ things we look at during an Eval with a child with CP?

Answer 5

MACS, MAS, ROM/ADL/play, cognition, positioning, caregiver role

Question 6

Describe grades in MAS

Answer 6

0- no increase in tone
1- slight increase in tone toward end of movement
1+ increase in tone halfway through ROM
2- increase tone most of ROM
3- passive mvmt difficult
4- rigid flexion/extension

Question 7

In children with CP it is common to see hypertonia___ and hypotonia___

Answer 7

distal/proximal

Question 8

Common interventions for children with CP

Answer 8

baclofen, ITB (severe spasticity), G-tube, tendon lengthening, botox

Question 9

What are some ways OT can address tone and movement for children with CP?

Answer 9

weight bearing, positioning, splinting, taping, casting

Question 10

What are the 3 common forms of MD?

Answer 10

Duchenne- genetic- absence of dystrophin (require vent later in life) death by 20
Becker- mutation in dystrophin gene
Charcot-Marie-Tooth- hereditary sensory motor neuropathy- slow progress

Question 11

OT assessment and eval for MD

Answer 11

ROM/MMT/Play/ADL/Cog/Positioning/fatigue/endurance

Question 12

Medical interventions for children with MD

Answer 12

corticosteriods- improve strength
heart medication
vent
bracing
spinal fusion
g-tube

Question 13

Describe different types of spina bifida

Answer 13

Occulata: one or more vertebrae are malformed
Closed neural tube: malformation of SC
meningocele: spinal fluid/meninges protrude through vertebral opening
myelomeningocele: spinal cord/neural elements exposed through spine

Question 14

What are common comorbidities of spina bifida

Answer 14

hydrocephalus
chiari II
latex allergy
B/B

Question 15

What are common medical interventions for children with SB

Answer 15

closure of myelomeningocele
shunt
suprapubic cath
ortho surgery