Infant health

Question 1

Focus

Answer 1

Physical: gross motor (cephalocaudal) & fine motor (proximal > distal) development
Cognitive: sensorimotor
Psychosocial: developing trust

Question 2

Frequency of well visits

Answer 2

Two weeks, followed by 2, 4, 9, and 12 months

9 months - good time to check for anemia

Question 3

Infant exam: head control

Answer 3

Head control by 4 months

Question 4

Infant exam: head lag

Answer 4

No lag when pulled to sitting at 6 months, lag may be first sign of palsy

Question 5

Bacterial infections: common organisms

Answer 5

First month: Group B streptococcus and gram-negative enteric organisms
Second month: S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae

Question 6

Infant developmental warning signs

Answer 6

Apparent visual delay
Doesn't raise head when lying on stomach by 3 months
Doesn't try to pick up a toy by 6 months
No reactions to noise/ voice
Doesn't laugh
Doesn't seek interpersonal contact
Doesn't sit up
Normal development:  head control by 4 months, no head lag when pulled to sitting at 6 months)

Question 7

Infant: sleep

Answer 7

• Two months to 1 year: 8-12 hours per night
• 2-3 naps daily
• Avoid sleeping with infant
• After night feedings end, do not pick up the baby during the night

Question 8

Infant: development of fears

Answer 8

Strangers: by 6 months
Separation: by 8 months

Question 9

Infant: visual acuity

Answer 9

Blink reflex and pupil constriction indicate newborn vision

Accommodation develops at 6 months

Question 10

What is the correct sequence of motor development in an average infant?

Answer 10

Reach & miss, sit alone, creep, climb stairs, stand alone

Question 11

A mother of a 10-month-old infant asks about the progression of solid foods into her baby’s diet. From the choices below, you advise her to introduce which food last to her baby’s diet?

a. Egg yolk
b. Egg white
c. Fruits
d. Vegetables

Answer 11

b. Egg white