Industrialization Vocab Flashcards
tenement
overcrowded slum housing
rural
areas where not many people live
“the country”
always shrinking
industrialization
making stuff with machines in big factories
mass production
capitalism
capital is money
businesses competing to make money
laissez fair, market economy
Agrarian
related to farming
mechanization
producing stuff with machines
automation
industry
business of making things
laissez fair
“hands off” government stays out of the market.
enlightenment idea.
capitalism, market economy
social darwinism
survival of the fittest
everyone is competing with each other
Ex: small businesses can’t compete with big corporations and go out of business
corporation
business owned by multiple people rather than just one
monopoly/trust
one company is the only place you can get a certain good or service
sherman antitrust act
1st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies
efficiency
eliminating wasted time, energy, and money
productivity
inputs vs outputs
if you produce more with the same amount of resources or less your productivity goes up
specialization
getting good at producing or doing one thing
interdependence
two or more things that need each other to work
immigration
people moving into a country
emigration
people leaving a country
migration
moving within a country
nativism
showing favor towards non-immigrants
urbanization
cities getting bigger
political corruption
using a position of power to cheat and make money
suburbs
places located just outside of cities that aren’t as densely populated but are not rural
policy
a course of action
legislation
law or law making
antitrust legislation
laws against monopolies
labor
work or workers
labor union/labor organization/organized labor
workers that get together for better wages, working conditions, and hours
collective bargaining
workers getting together to negotiate better wages, working conditions, and hours
what labor unions do
great railroad strike(1877)
riots against railroads
no unions involved
led to the formation of labor unions
local, state, and federal militias called in to stop the violence
pullman strike (1894)
nationwide strike by the american railway union
striking against the pullman company
lots of rioting
homestead strike (1892)
strike of US steal workers
gun fight between workers and strikebreakers
led to a decline of union membership
haymarket riot (1886)
Chicago labor protest where there was a bombing and a riot
unregulated working conditions
unregulated=no government oversight
working conditions=what the environment is like where you work
unregulated working conditions means the government doesn’t tell businesses what the environment at work must be like
middle class
people who work but have a good amount of money and a relatively high standard of living
labor legislation
laws about work, usually about labor unions
business regulation
the government telling businesses what they can and can’t do
political parties
political groups that compete to run the government.
Democrats and Republicans
Interest groups
A group of people who want something in common from the government–a particular thing is “of interest” to them
public opinion
what the people think
the media
the forms of mass communication
TV, newspaper, magazines, radio
leisure
free time used for relaxation
standard of living
how easy or difficult life is for you. the easier life is the higher your standard of living
