civil rights Flashcards
civil rights
freedom guaranteed by the constitution
dissent
protest or speaking out against people in charge
civil disobedience
break a law as a form of protest because you believe it is wrong
institutionalized
official policy from the govt. or a business
discrimination
treating a group unfairly because they are a member of that group
segregation
dividing people based on race
jim crow laws
southern laws enforcing segregation
poll tax
a tax someone had to pay before they could vote, used to keep minorities from voting in the south
literacy test
a complicated test that people had to pass before they were allowed to vote, used to keep minorities from voting in the south
plessy v. ferguson
said segregation was okay as long as the separate facilities were equal, separate but equal
redress
v. setting things right
n. remedy or compensation for wrongdoing
Brown v. Board of Education
ended segregation in schools
quota
a number that must be met
affirmative action
trying to overcome past racism by encouraging diversity in a workplace or school administrations
university of california v. bakke
cannot use racial quotas for administration to colleges
1st amendment
freedom of speech, of protest, to assemble, of the press, of religion
13th amendment
ended slavery
14th amendment
if you’re born in the US you are a citizen
15th amendment
states cannot deny the right to vote based on race
1964 civil rights act
banned racial and sex discrimination in public spaces
1965 voting rights act
banned poll taxes and literacy tests for voting. created federal government oversight for states with a poor civil rights record
26th amendment
allowed to vote at 18
N.O.W.
National Organization of Women, fights to end sex discrimination
migrant workers
low-paid immigrant farm laborers
