Industrialisation and Protest: Industrial Protest in Britain Flashcards
When did the Luddite movement begin and end?
1811-1813
By February 1812 how many knitting frames had the Luddites destroyed?
1000 (Costing £6,000-£10,000)
The Frame Breaking Act of 1812 did what?
Make Frame Breaking punishable by death
In 1812 soldiers were brought in to protect where from the Luddites? What happened?
Rawford Mill. Two Luddites were killed.
William Horsfall was executed by the Luddites, but the killers were brought to justice when?
January 1813… effectively the end of Luddite moement
In what year did the Swing Riots break out?
1830
Why did the Swing Riots break out?
Two bad harvests, the threshing machine and wage reductions
What were the Swing Rioters’ demands?
Wage increase
Reduction to rents
End of rural unemployment
How many Swing Rioters were arrested/executed?
1976 arrested, 19 executed
In what year did John Hobhouse attempt to restrict working hours for children?
1825
Who were the main organisers of the 10 hour movement?
Richard Oastler and George Bull
How did the 10 hour movement go about seeking change?
Petition and peaceful mass meeting (eg. Oastler’s letter to the Leeds Mercury on why workers needed help)
Which MP and which Lord sympathised with the cause for the 10 hour movement?
Michael Sadler MP and Lord Ashley
When was the first Factory Act passed?
1833
What did the first Factory Act include?
No child under 9 could work 9-13: Only 48 hour week 13-18: Only 12 hours a day Under 13s got 2 hours education a day Inspectorate of Factories established
Why was the inspectorate of factories ineffective?
Only 4 members and there were 4,000 mills
When was the second factory act and who pushed it through?
1844, Robert Peel
What did the second Factory Act do?
Restricted children’s and women’s hours further and introduced moderate safety precautions
In what year was the Ten Hour day approved?
1847
In what year was it specified when workers could and couldn’t work?
1850
In what years were factory reforms extended to all industries?
1860 and 1864
In what year did Edwin Chadwick publish his report on public health in the UK?
1842
The Health of Towns association was established in what year?
1844
In what year was the Public Health Act passed?
1848
What was the flaw with the Public Health Act of 1848?
Not compulsory
When were the Burial Acts passed and what did they do?
1852-1857, Burials had to be overseen by a burial committee to prevent the spread of disease
When was the Sanitary Act passed?
1866
