Industrial Revolution-Exam Review Flashcards
Industrialization
The use of new sources of power to run machinery to make products.
Canals
A way of transportation using boats. Better for heavier shipping.
Capital
Money available to invest in something that may make more money.
Natural Resources
Useful substances found in nature.
Entrepreneur
A risk taker whose goal is to make profits.
Subsistence Economy
Situation in which what is produced is only enough on which to live.
Labour
People ready, willing, and able to work.
Bessemer Process
Was the process of making more strong flexible steel.
Steam Power
Is a heat engine that performs mechanical working using steam as its working fluid.
Stable Government
Is the mechanism through which the basic human needs of the population are largely met. Which is respect for minority rights is assured, conflicts are managed peacefully through inclusive political processes, and competition for power occurs non-violently.
Transportation
Permits the passage of materials, labour, and ideas from one area to another.
Watermill
A structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to power a machine that grinds, rolls, or hammers. It is needed to make materials like flour, lumber, paper, metals, etc.
Great Stink
Pollution of the River Thames created unsanitary conditions in England. (Even death)
Factory Act 1833
Parliament set up a committee to investigate abuses of child labour. As a result of the findings, new law made it illegal to hire children under 9 y/o.
Unions
Workers joined in groups. It speaks for all workers in a particular trade. They bargain for better working conditions and higher wages and better hours.
Navvies
They built railroads-cutting (remove soil or rock from a route), tunnels, etc. Many were Irish and desperate for work.