Industrial Revolution Flashcards
What was life like before the Industrial Revolution?
Most people lived on small family farms, grew enough food to eat, most work was done by hand
How does industrialization change daily life?
- Most of the work begins to be done by machine power
- Work begins to be done outside the home in factories
What is the Enclosure Movement?
Period of time when large farmers bought smaller farms, fenced them off, and kicked off the previous owners
What are two ways that the Agricultural Revolution helped to produce the Industrial Revolution?
- Increased food production
- Increased urban population
Where did Industrialization first start?
England
What are eight reasons that helped England industrialize?
- Plenty of fuel for machines
- Natural Resources
- Rivers for transport
- Large harbors
- Stable Economy
- Stable Government
- Trade routes already established
- Large urban workforce without options or skills
Which industry was the first to industrialize?
Textiles
What are 3 improvements in Transportation, how does each one contribute to helping society?
- Railroads - Allowed goods to be shipped faster and cheaper, created jobs, moved people to the cities
- Steamboats - Goods could be shipped upstream, goods could be shipped faster and cheaper
- Better drained roads - Allowed goods to be transported quickly
What are four effects that railroads had?
- Could move goods quickly and cheaply
- Created jobs
- Helped fishing and agriculture
- Moved people to cities even faster
How do telegraphs and telephones change life during industrialization?
They sped up communications to minutes/secs vs. months
What was the major advantage of interchangeable parts?
It allowed for the development of the assembly line in factories.
What kind of workers were not allowed out of England?
Mechanics
Engineers
Toolmakers
Why wouldn’t they let these people out?
The English wanted to keep the secret of industrialization to themselves
What are two ways that the ideas still found their way out of England?
They were smuggled out or memorized
Where did industrialization appear first in the United States?
Lowell, Massachusetts
What kind of industry was the first to appear in the United States?
Textiles
What kind of people staffed the Lowell, Massachusetts factories?
Young women
In what way was the factory work a positive for the workers in Lowell’s factories?
Gave women a small amount of freedom and equality
What places in the world are in the process of becoming industrialized?
China, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, etc.
Where has industrialization not started yet on a large scale?
Africa
What are 6 problems that the low wage workers faced in their HOUSING during the Industrial Revolution?
- No building codes
- No national free education
- No police protection
- Streets had no drains and were piled high with waste
- Frequent disease outbreaks
- No running water
- Literally anything else that we’ve talked about
How did the government help to cause the poor state of the working class?
They did not pass any laws that would hurt businesses, so companies took advantage of their workers
What problems did the low wage workers face while at work?
- Low pay and 16 hours days
- Jobs were very unsafe
- No safety regulations
- Child labor, no unions, no workers compensation or overtime
How did industrialization contribute to global inequality?
Countries that industrialized first were able to make a lot more money and weapons, which allowed them to take over non industrialized countries, and take their stuff.
