Industrial Rev. test

Question 1

enclosure movement

Answer 1

-villages shrunk -> cities grew
-farm output -> profits up, less workers
People moved to cities

Question 2

crop rotation

Answer 2

changing what you harvest every season, for the nutrients in the soil

Question 3

population boom

Answer 3

englands pop. up to 5 mil. in 1700 to 9 mil. in 1800

death rates down, less famine, better hygiene and sanitation

Question 4

Luddites

Answer 4

against machines, broke machines

Question 5

labor unions

Answer 5

were made illegal, had to be a secret

Question 6

Growth of middle class from

Answer 6

child labor laws

Question 7

Agricultural Rev.

Answer 7

1st- 11,000 years ago= farms, domestic animals

2nd- 300 years ago = quality and quantity

Question 8

Putting out (domestic) system

Answer 8

Girls work at home, then moved to factories

Question 9

Charles dickens

Answer 9

• Hated the industrial rev
• Thinks of factory people as “hands”, dehumanizes them
• Facts can’t predict people

Question 10

Early industries of the 1700’s

Answer 10

Started in England, with textiles

Question 11

Capitalism

Answer 11

• Private ownership
• more goods at lower prices
• Adam smith, David Ricardo

Question 12

Interchangeable

Answer 12

Make all parts equal, can take apart and put back together

Question 13

Collective bargaining

Answer 13

Unions, power of numbers

Question 14

Life of the working class

Answer 14

• Worked long hard hours for minimal pay
• 12-14 hour shifts
• children worked

Question 15

Laissez-faire/ economics

Answer 15

• hands off
• gov. Shouldn’t interfere in the country
• free market=capitalism
  
  • wealth and means of producing it are privately owned

Question 16

Utilitarianism

Answer 16

• advocate by British philosopher/ economist Jeremy Bentham
• goal of society=greatest happiness for the greatest number
• gov. Needs to get involved on certain equations

Question 17

What does john Stuart believe?

Answer 17

Gov should help working class; they need to vote to enact reforms

Question 18

Socialism

Answer 18

-People as a whole own and operate the means of production: farms, factories
-no fighting between rich and poor
-No competition to do work
Utopians, Thomas more

Question 19

Proleteriat

Answer 19

The “have-nots”, work in the factories

Question 20

Bourgeoisie

Answer 20

The “haves”, the owners

Question 21

Communism

Answer 21

Gov. Led by small elite controlled economic and political life
No social classes
Not work as hard, automatically get anything
Karl Marx

Question 22

Karl Marx

Answer 22

Wrote the communist manifesto

Question 23

What is communism

Answer 23

A breed of socialism

Dialectical

Question 24

Spinning mule

Answer 24

Samuel Crompton

Sound cotton and yarn

Question 25

Telegraph

Answer 25

Samuel morse | Sends messages across the world

Question 26

Steamship

Answer 26

Robert Fulton | Didn't have to row boat

Question 27

Sewing machine

Answer 27

Elias Howe | Made Clothing stronger

Question 28

Pasteurization

Answer 28

Louis Pasteur | Made food safer

Question 29

The reaper

Answer 29

Cyrus Mccormick | Decreased labor in wheat fields

Question 30

The seed drill

Answer 30

Jeff tull | Agriculture

Question 31

Spinning Jenny

Answer 31

James Hargreaves | Spin cotton onto thread

Question 32

Iron smelting

Answer 32

Abraham Darby | Removed iron from iron ore

Question 33

Flying shuttle

Answer 33

John Kay | Made weaving faster

Question 34

Steam locomotive

Answer 34

George Stephenson transported goods/ people faster

Question 35

Steam engine

Answer 35

James watt | Powered factories, boats

Question 36

Telephone

Answer 36

Alexander graham bell | More efficient way of communicating

Question 37

Cotton gin

Answer 37

Eli Whitney | Took seeds out of cotton

Question 38

Light bulb

Answer 38

Thomas Edison | Allowed people to work in the dark

Question 39

Phonograph

Answer 39

Thomas Edison | To record music and sound

Question 40

Modern gas engine

Answer 40

Éti onier lenior | Car gas engine

Question 41

The revolver

Answer 41

Samuel colt | Faster gun, more accurate

Question 42

Macadam

Answer 42

John louden macadam | Better roadways

Question 43

Thomas Newcomen

Answer 43

Created the first practical steam engine for pumping water

Question 44

Socialism

Answer 44

Production, distribution, trade is owned and operated by the community as a whole