industrial medicine c1700-1900 Flashcards
who was john snow
discovered cholera was water born
how did john snow find out ab cholera
mapped out infected areas and pumps and managed to locate pump that was infected
what was the impact of snows findings
limited
encouraged scientific method
helped lead to new sewer system by joseph bazalgette
who was jenner
discoverer of the smallpox vaccine
how did jenner discover smallpox vaccine
found milkmaids who had had cowpox didnt develop smallpox
how was smallpox treated before vaccinination
inoculation - used small dose of smallpox
what were the consequences of smallpox vaccine
made complusory in 1853
smallpox eradicated as disease
inspired pasteur and koch
what opposition did smallpox face
inoculation doctors put out of business
people saw it as a punishment from god
jenner was unable to explain why this worked
who was louis pasteur
creator of germ theory
when did pasteur discover germ theory
1861
how did pasteur discover germ theory
found that uncovered water and milk went sour but not when he put a stopper on it
used microscope to discover microbes
impacts of pasteurs germ theory
little immediate impact - believed they werent there bc they couldnt see them
eventually led to antiseptic surgery
who was koch
german microbiologist
found a way to stain bacteria
what did koch discover
the bacteria that caused anthrax, tb, and cholera
what was the impact of kochs work
inspired others to look for microbes
didnt directly impact treatment or prevention
which vaccines were created due to pasteur and koch
rabies, typhoid, tuberculosis, diptheria
what did chadwick write
report on public healthw
when did chadwick write his report on public health
1842
what caused the gov to change its mind on public health
cholera
germ theory
chadwicks report
working class getting the vote
when was the first public health act
1848w
what did the first public health act say
recommended towns have board of health and clean water supply
when was the second public health act
1875
what did the second public health act do
recommendations made compulsory
forced to improve sanitary conditions
what did florence nightingale do
improved standards for soldiers in hospital during the crimean war
how did florence nightingale improve standards within hospitals
kept them safe and clean
used separate wards for patients with infectious disease
cut mortality rates from 40% to 2%
what did florence nightingale do after the crimean war
published notes on hospitals in 1859
set up nursing school
who improved surgery in this period
lister qnd simpson
how did lister improve surgery
pioneered surgery with carbolic acid
sanitation
what did simpson do
discovered chloroform
what effects did chloroform have on surgery
surgeons able to perform more complex procedures
could kill if doesage was too high
