Industrial Chem

Question 1

Why is Aluminium expensive to extract

Answer 1

Because of the high cost of electricity which is needed in large quantities.

Question 2

stage 1 (Ammonia production)

Answer 2

obtain the reactants and mix them in a 1:3 ratio. We obtain nitrogen from fractional distillation of air. We obtain hydrogen from either:
- Natural gas
- Cracking ethene
- Electrolysis of water

Question 3

Stage 2 (Ammonia Production)

Answer 3

Set the conditions in the sealed container. Conditions required: Iron catalyst, high temperature of 450 degrees and high pressure 200 ATM.

Question 4

Stage 3 (Production of Ammonia)

Answer 4

Cool the reaction mixture so that the ammonia condenses and can be removed and collected. Ammonia gas has a higher melting point and boiling point, so cooling the system to ammonia’s boiling point (to condense the ammonia) will not condense N2 AND H2.

Question 5

Stage 4 (production of ammonia)

Answer 5

The hydrogen and nitrogen gases are recycled back into the reaction vessel.

Question 6

Stage 5 (Production of ammonia)

Answer 6

Ammonia condenses out to become a liquid when cooled - this can be tapped out - drained off, whilst H2 and N2 are left as gases to be recycled. Its fractional distillation, but we are cooling instead of heating.

Question 7

Equilibrium

Answer 7

When both reaction occur at the same time and have the same rate

Question 8

If reaction cooled, what happens

Answer 8

Equilibrium would shift to the right, increasing the yield of ammonia.

Question 9

If reaction heated, what happens

Answer 9

Equilibrium would shift to the reverse reaction. Resulting in more hydrogen and nitrogen gas being produced.

Question 10

Pressure higher than 200ATM?

Answer 10

Increase the equipment to handle it would increase