Induction week: Anatomical terminology Flashcards
describe the anatomical position
the individual is standing
head,palms and feet all face forwards
in males the penis is erect
name the plane that splits the body into two equal halves left and right
mid-sagittal or median
name the plane that is found parallel to the mid-sagittal
parasagittal or sagittal
name the plane that splits the body into front and back/ anterior and posterior
coronal
name the plane that splits the body into top and bottom/ superior and inferior sections
transverse or horizontal
position referring if closer to the front of the body
anterior or ventral
position referring if closer to the back of the body
posterior or dorsal
position if closer to the midline of the body
medial
position if further away from the midline of the body
lateral
position if closer to the head
superior
position if closer to the feet
inferior
position if closer to the body e.g. elbow
proximal
position if further away from the body e.g. hand
distal
position if closer to the top of the arm
radial
position if closer to the bottom of the arm
ulnar
position if closer to the surface
superficial
position if further from the surface
deep
position if at the head in an embryo
cranial
position if at the tail end in an embryo
caudal
name of the top surface of the foot
dorsum
name of the bottom surface of the foot
plantar
name of the top surface of the hand
dorsum
name of the bottom surface of the hand
palmar
term relating to the beak or the nose
rostral
flexion
decrease the angle at a joint
extension
increasing the angle at a joint
hyeprflexion
to continue flexion beyond the body’s normal range of motion
hyperextension
to continue extension beyond the anatomical position
in the fetal position what is flexed
everything
neck, shoulders, hip, elbow,knee
adduction
movement of a bone towards the midline of the body
abduction
movement of a bone away from the midline of the body
medial rotation
rotation of a joint towards the midline
lateral rotation
rotation of a joint away from the midline
elevation
movement of a body part superiorly
depression
the movement of a body part inferiorly
protraction
movement of a body part anteriorly in the transverse plane
e.g. punching
retraction
movement of the body part posteriorly in the transverse plane
pronation
rotation of the forearm so the palms face posteriorly
supination
rotation of the forearm so the palms face anteriorly e.g. holding a bowl of soup
dorsiflexion
bending of the foot at the ankle
brings the dorsum of the foot closer to the tibia
plantarflexion
bending of the foot at the ankle
brings the plantar surface of the foot further from the tibia
inversion
movement of the foot medially at the ankle
invert your foot your soles face inwards
eversion
movement of the foot laterally at the ankle
where do pronation and supination occur
forearm
where do elevation/ depression and protraction and retraction occur
shoulder and jaw
where do dorsiflexion/plantarflexion and inversion/eversion occur
ankle
