Indonesian Rainforest Case Study Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main causes of deforestation in Indonesia?

A

Commercial Farming, Logging, Mineral Extraction, Subsistence farming and fuel wood, Population growth and settlement, Roads

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2
Q

What is Commercial Farming?

A

Farming to sell products for a profit.

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3
Q

What is Indonesia the biggest exporter of?

A

Palm Oil

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4
Q

What are the main ways to mitigate the impacts of changes to the water and carbon cycle?

A

-Modifying deforestation, Modifying grasslands use, Modifying Croplands and Political Efforts

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5
Q

How can modifying deforestation help mitigate impacts?

A
  • Consumers encouraged to buy wood grown sustainably.

- Organisations make carbon offset payments, which might involve paying for trees to be protected or planted

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6
Q

How can modifying grasslands use help mitigate impacts?

A
  • Avoidance of overstocking glazing animals

- Revegetation - Improving pasture species and legumes increases plant productivity.

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7
Q

How can political efforts help mitigate impacts?

A
  • Indonesia has launched major campaigns against illegal logging and deforestation
  • Attempted to enforce law against plantations on deep peat and preventing fires on peatland
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8
Q

How does modifying Croplands help mitigate impacts?

A
  • Rotations of cash crops with pasture have the potential to increase biomass returned to soil
  • Trees in croplands can store carbon above and below ground. CO2 emissions can be reduced if grown as a renewable energy source
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9
Q

What are some key rainforest characteristics?

A
  • 2000mm average rainfall yearly

- average 27 degrees temperature throughout year

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10
Q

What is an example of a negative feedback loop between carbon and water cycles?

A

Increased surface temperatures due to carbon - Increased growth of plants - Carbon absorbed during photosynthesis - Carbon locked up in woody tissues and leaves - Reduced amounts of carbon in atmosphere - Slightly reduced surface temperatures

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11
Q

What are some local impacts to the water/carbon cycle?

A
  • Local removal of vegetation increases surface runoff and soil compaction
  • Less interception because of less tree cover
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12
Q

What is the impact on vegetation as areas become drier?

A

Plants will slow their rates of photosynthesis and plants & animal reproduction drops

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