Indonesia volcanic managment

Question 1

what is CVGHM?

Answer 1

Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation established in 1920

Question 2

what does the CVGHM do?

Answer 2

Volcano Observation Section
constructed permanent observatories on several active volcanoes

Question 3

what are the limitations of the CVGHM?

Answer 3

technology at the time in the 1920s was limited
funding restricted due to weak economy
emergence into independence after WW2 meant there was political tension and violence amongst competing groups

Question 4

how has the CVGHM improved?

Answer 4

upgraded monitoring instruments
over 60 volcanoes monitored

Question 5

what is the the biggest threat in indonesia from volcanic hazards and why?

Answer 5

lahars
high quantities of ash erupted and humid tropical climate with high levels of rainfall >1800mm per annum

Question 6

how have indonesia reduced the risk of lahars?

Answer 6

National Agency of Disaster Management
lahar sensors
closed-circuit television installed to monitor locations at risk

Question 7

how does the CVGHM help prepare communities for volcanic activity?

Answer 7

works with local governments advising them on mitigation strategies such as community preparedness
mount merapi- permanent settlement forbidden on the highest slopes near the crater
villagers encouraged to relocate to safe zones, receiving financial assistance and a small plot of land

Question 8

how effectivley do Indonesia modify the loss

Answer 8

lower middle income country - resources are limited
have some well trained and well-equipped emergency services incl the military and search and rescue
temporary shelters in safe zones are available in case of the need for evacuation, these are sometimes turned into permanent residential areas
cleared river channels of volcanic materials and debris t reduce risk of flooding