*Individual Systems Review

Question 1

Cardio/Peripheral Vascular System

Answer 1

1) Dyspnea: shortness of breath
2) Orthopnea: can’t catch breath when lying flat
3) Palpitations: could be indicative of heart disease
4) Pain/sweats: occurrence at night worrisome
5) Syncope: fainting
6) Peripheral edema: heart, PVD, skin changes
7) Cold hand/feet: poor circulation
8) Skin discoloration: blue- poor circulation
9) Open wounds/gangrene: infection
10) Cough: more than 3 weeks

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Question 2

Pulmonary System

Answer 2

1) Dyspnea: shortness of breath
2) Onset of cough: time of day; position
3) Change in cough: positional
4) Sputum: don’t want to see xmas color or earth tones- indicative of tissue damage
5) Hemoptysis- coughing up blood
6) Clubbing of nails- indicative of late stages of pulmonary disease
7) Stridor- whistling breathing sound
8) Wheezing- poor O2 intake

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Question 3

GI System

Answer 3

1) Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
2) Heartburn, indigestion
3) Specific food intake
4) Change in appetite: relative to weight changes
5) Bowel Function (color, shape/caliber, constipation/diarrhea, difficulty initiating (prostate enlargement)
6) Difficulty initiating
7) Incontinence

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Question 4

Bowel Dysfunction

Answer 4

1) Color: dark black= anemia, blood in stool
2) Frequency

3) Shape/Caliber
- ribbons (sigmoid lesion)
- pencils (anal lesions)

4) Constipation/Diarrhea
5) difficulty initiating (prostate enlargement)
6) Incontinence

Question 5

Urinary System

Answer 5

1) Frequency
2) Urgency
3) Color- tea-colored or dark red indicates GU pathology
3) Incontinence
4) Reduced caliber or force of urine stream
5) Difficulty initiating urine stream

Question 6

Male Genital Reproductive System

Answer 6

1) Urethral discharge
2) Erectile Dysfunction
3) Pain with intercourse/ejaculation

Question 7

Female Genital Reproductive System

Answer 7

1) Vaginal discharge
2) Pain with intercourse
3) Change in menstruation: frequency/length of cycle, dysmenorrhea, blood flow
4) Date of last period
5) Number of pregnancies
6) Number of deliveries
7) Menopause