Individual differences Flashcards
What are the big 5 components of personality?
OCEAN:
Openness- appreciation for art, emotion adventure, imagination
Conscientiousness- self disciple, act dutifully and aim for achievement
Extraversion- energy, positive and tendency to seek stimulation
Agreeableness- tendency to be compassionate and cooperate rather than suspicious
Neuroticism- Tendency to express unpleasant emotions easily e.g. anger, anxiety, depression
What is IQ?
Intelligent quotient- (mental age/chronical age) x 100
10o is average
What are the limitations of IQ testing?
Averages all domains of intelligence- doesn’t consider each separately
What is crystallised intelligence?
Ability to apply previously acquired knowledge to current problems
How does crystallised intelligence change with age?
Commonly improves
What is fluid intelligence?
Ability to deal with novel problem solving situations for which personal experience doesn’t provide a solution
How does fluid intelligence change with age?
It decreases
What is the contribution of genetics to IQ?
1/2 to 2/3 of variation- no single intelligence gene
What is the contribution of environmental factors to IQ?
1/3 to 1/2 of variation in IQ
What is empathising?
Able to infer thoughts or feelings of others and have an appropriate reaction
What is systematising?
The drive to analyse or construct any kind of system
What is the basic outline of Baron Cohen’s systematising theory?
Females are more emotional and less systematising whereas males are less emotional and more systematising
Autism/Aspergus has been considered as an extremely male brain
