Indidualistic Theories Continued

Question 1

Describe eyesnecks personality theory

Answer 1

-He argues criminality is the result of a particular personality type.
-it is shaped by our activity and arousal of parts of our CNS.
-criminals score highly on extraverism,neurpctism,pyscotism.
Extravertism-under aroused CNS-attention seeking/risk takers.
-neutrostism- over arosed CNS-high levels of anxiety make it difficult to condition to society’s rules-don’t respond to punishments.overly anxious,obsessive.-voilence.
Psychotism-excessive dopamine-no empathy,heartless.

Question 2

Why are they difficlut to socialise and condition?-eyenseck

Answer 2

They don’t associate crime with being punishe.
-crime is exiting don’t consider feelings of others.
-Therfroe punishment and reinforcement is not effective at controlling their criminal behaviour.

Question 3

Eyenseck policy-aversion therapy

Answer 3

-helps people reduce behaviours they don’t want by causing an association to somethingtheo unpleasant.
-ethical issues-dangerous.
-has no long term positive impact-just suppresses impulses rather than getting rid of them forever.

Question 4

Eyenseck-2 strengths

Answer 4

-evidence to support theory that criminality is caused
by high pen score-eysneck and gudjonsson -prison inmates had a high score on all 3

-Theory useful in describing how some measurable tendencies could increase risk of offending.

Question 5

2 weaknesss of eysneck theory

Answer 5

-Farmington examined a range of studies-show how prisoners are neurotic and psychotic but not extraverted.challenges theory that to be a criminal u. Have to score highly on all 3 personality types.
-evidence on prisoners shows a correlation between personality types and criminality-but doesn’t prove criminality causes-could be other way round that being in prison could cause people to be neurotic.

Question 6

Kolberg+congtive theories-moral development Part 1

Answer 6

Criminals moral development is stuck at a less mature level than everyone else.
Criminals are likely to think in terms of whether their actions will solely lead to a reward or punishment rather than how it affects anymore else more likely to engage in crime.