Indications

Question 1

Phenytoin

Answer 1

Seizures

Question 2

5-fluorouracil (5FU)

Answer 2

Colon, breast, gastroesophageal, hepatocellular, pancreatic carcinomas

Question 3

Codeine

Answer 3

Analgesia

Question 4

Warfarin

Answer 4

Anticoagulant

Question 5

Albendazole

Answer 5

Nematodes generally (but can be used for certain cestode and trematode infections)

Active drug, GI absorbed

Good for systemic infections and infections in gut

Question 6

Mebendazole

Answer 6

Nematodes generally (but can be used for certain cestode and trematode infections)

Active drug, NOT GI absorbed

Good for infections localized in lumen of gut

Question 7

Ivermectin

Answer 7

Nematodes
Onchocerciasis AKA African River Blindness (in
combo w/ steroids)

Lymph filariasis (in combo with albendazole)

Ineffective against trematodes & cestodes

Question 8

Pyrantel Pamoate

Answer 8

Nematodes in GI lumen

Question 9

Diethylcarbamazine

Answer 9

Nematodes

Loiasis

Lymph. filariasis (in combo w/
albendazole)

Question 10

Praziquantal

Answer 10

Trematodes – schistosomiasis

Cestodes

neffective against nematodes

Question 11

Benzimidazole effects what stages?

Answer 11

Eggs, larvae/ microfilariae, adults

Question 12

Ivermectin effects what stages?

Answer 12

Larvae/ microfilariae

Question 13

Pyrantel Pamoate effects what stages?

Answer 13

Larvae, adults

Question 14

Diethylcarbamazine effects what stages?

Answer 14

Larvae/ microfilariae, adults

Question 15

Praziquantal effects what stages?

Answer 15

Immature stages, adults

Question 16

Artemisinins

Answer 16

First line therapy

Targets blood stages P. falciparum(some gametocytocidal action) asexual blood stages of P. vivax

Question 17

Chloroquine Phosphate

Answer 17

Drug of choice

Highly effective against chloroquine‐S P falciparum asexual blood stages, w/ some gametocytocidal activity

Question 18

Quinne Sulfate

Answer 18

Mainstay for chloroquine resistant and MDR P. falciparum asexual blood stages

Gametocyticidal against P.vivax & P.ovale

Question 19

Primaquine

Answer 19

Acts on primary and latent hepatic stages of plasmodia

*only agent that can eradicate liverstages of P. vivax and P. ovale

Effective against relapse in P. vivax and P. ovale

Gametocytocidal against P. falciparum

Question 20

Atovaquone

Answer 20

Active against P.falciparum asexual blood stages and primary liver stages (not P.vivax)

*Used for chemoprophylaxis/uncomplicated P.falciparum

Question 21

Proguanil

Answer 21

Active against asexual blood and primary liver stages of P.falciparum and acute P.vivax

Question 22

Clindamycin

Answer 22

Areas with chloroquine‐resistant P falciparum combine w/ quinine for pregnant women infected w/ malaria

Question 23

Isoniazid (INH)

Answer 23

Most effective tx in susceptible strains of TB

Question 24

Pyrazinamide

Answer 24

TB

Question 25

Ethambutol

Answer 25

TB

Question 26

Rifampin

Answer 26

TB

Question 27

Streptomycin

Answer 27

Used in severe cases of TB

Question 28

Bedaquiline

Answer 28

MDR TB x 24 wks

Question 29

Amhotericin B

Answer 29

Used for serious life-threatening systemic mycotic infections because it has the broadest spectrum of action

Question 30

Nystatin

Answer 30

Localized candidal infections including oropharyngealthrush and vaginal candida

Question 31

Fluconazole

Answer 31

Drug of choice for cryptococcal meningitis and pphx

Question 32

Itraconazole

Answer 32

Dimorphism fungi histoplasmosis, blastomyces and sporothrix

Question 33

Voriconazole

Answer 33

Invasive aspergillosis (better outcomes and less toxicity than amp b)

Question 34

Caspofungin

Answer 34

Aspergillus and candida Invasive aspergillosis in pts non-responsive to voriconazole*

Question 35

Griseofulvin

Answer 35

Nail fungal infection (dermatophytosis) but must be on it for 6-9 mo fingernails and up to a year for toeneails

Question 36

Terbinafine | Lamisil

Answer 36

3 mo tx for keratophillic fungal infections

Question 37

Flucytosine

Answer 37

Used with amphotericin B to treat systemic cryptococcus neoformans Used with itraconazole for chromoblastomycosis

Question 38

Acyclovir

Answer 38

First line against Herpes simplex encephalitis, neonatal HSV and severe HSV or VZV infections LT genital herpes suppression and cutaneous zoster or varicella HSV-1, HSV-2 >> VZV (need higher dose for VZV)

Question 39

Ganciclovir

Answer 39

Tx/pphx for CMV post-transplantation

Question 40

Foscarnet

Answer 40

CMV retinitis (in AIDS pts), acyclovir-resistant HSV infection/VZV infection (off-label)

Question 41

Zanamivir (Relenza)

Answer 41

Useful against oselatamivir resistant strains

Question 42

Amantidine

Answer 42

Influenza A and B

Question 43

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

Answer 43

Influenza A and B

Question 44

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

Answer 44

HIV-1 and HIV-2

Question 45

Abacavir

Answer 45

Combo w/ lamivudine HIV-1 and HIV-2

Question 46

Lamivudine

Answer 46

HIV-1 and HIV-2 Used in HBV tx

Question 47

Emtricitibine

Answer 47

HIV-1 and HIV-2 Used in HBV tx

Question 48

Tenofovir (AF/DF)

Answer 48

Coadmin w/ emtricitabine as 1st line RTI backbone therapy

Question 49

Efavirenz

Answer 49

HIV-1 Lacks in vitro activity against HIV-2

Question 50

Ritonavir

Answer 50

Used with other PI to ↑ serum levels (as a booster) to have less freq dosing and more tolerability

Question 51

Darunavir

Answer 51

Ritonavir/Darunavir treatment of choice for treatment naïve patients

Question 52

Atazanavir

Answer 52

Ritonavir/Atazanavir tx of choice for tx naïve patients

Question 53

Lopinavir

Answer 53

Only available as a fixed dose combo w/ritonavir Can be used during preg

Question 54

Enfuvirtide

Answer 54

Only for tx experienced HIV pts w/ o ongoing HIV replication Not for HIV-2

Question 55

Maraviroc

Answer 55

Used in HIV1 strains resistant to other drugs Not first line therapy

Question 56

Doutegravir

Answer 56

Used in pts w/resistant HIV in combo therapy (but approved for all pts) Efective in HIV resistant to other INSTIs

Question 57

Garlic

Answer 57

Hypolipidemic Other uses: ↓ BP, ↓ platelet aggregation, antimicrobial

Question 58

Ginko

Answer 58

Improve memory

Question 59

St. John’s Wort 

Answer 59

Antidepressant

Question 60

Ginseng 

Answer 60

Proposed to ↑ steroid production, NO production “Adaptogen” and general cure-all

Question 61

Black Cohosh 

Answer 61

Relief from sx of menopause (hot flashes), premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Question 62

Glucosamine 

Answer 62

Improve pain and swelling in OA

Question 63

Fish Oil (Omega 3) 

Answer 63

Hyperlipidemia, HTN, CV dz prevention, macular degeneration, ADD, RA Good bc little to no mercury which is in fish meat

Question 64

Kratom 

Answer 64

Relief from pain, anxiety and depression Often exhibits opioid-like effects → can produce euphoria

Question 65

Pseudoephedrine

Answer 65

Cough, cold and allergy

Question 66

Loperamide

Answer 66

Anti-diarrheal