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Pharmacology Exam 3 > Indications > Flashcards

Indications Flashcards

1
Q

Chloropheniramine

A

OTC cold meds, allergic sinusitis, pruitis, hives

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2
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

allergic sinusitis, pruitis, hives, OTC sleep aid and anit-motion sickness

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3
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

allergic sinusitis, pruitis, hives, anit-motion sickness

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4
Q

Loratadine

A

Allergic rhinitis, pruitis, conjunctivitis, atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria

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5
Q

Cetirizine

A

Allergic rhinitis, pruitis, conjunctivitis, atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria

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6
Q

Fexofenadine

A

Allergic rhinitis, pruitis, conjunctivitis, atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria

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7
Q

Cromolyn Sodium

A

allergy pphx

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8
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Anti-inflammatory and immunosupressive

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9
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Used to dx causes of hypercorticism because will suppress ACTH but if tumor present will not supress

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10
Q

Fludrocortisone

A

replacement therapy for GC and MC (aldosterone)

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11
Q

Prednisone

A

Anti-inflammatory and immunosupressive

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12
Q

What drugs are used to help develop fetal lung maturity in premature babies?

A

Hydrocortisone or dexamethasone

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13
Q

Methylprednisone

A 
Exacerbation ST tx
Status asthmaticus (IV)
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14
Q

Fluticasone

A

Prevent asthma attacks
Rapid anti-inflammatory effect
Used in COPD if FEV1<50% with exacerbations

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15
Q

Albuterol (SABA)

A

acute bronchoconstriction

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16
Q

Salmeterol (LABA)

A

asthma control maintenance only with ICS (can use alone in COPD)

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17
Q

Ipratropropium Bromide

A

Limited usefulness in asthma

Effective in COPD

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18
Q

Tiotropium

A

Limited usefulness in asthma

Effective in COPD

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19
Q

Theophylline

A

Increases diaphragm contractility in COPD and improves ventillatory fn

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20
Q

Montelukast

A

Mild-moderate asthma

NO role in COPD therapy

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21
Q

Omalizumab

A

Allergic asthma

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22
Q

Prazosin

A

HTN and benign prostaic hypertrophy

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23
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

HTN, benign prostaic hypertrophy (to relax smooth muscle in bladder to ↑flow)
And in combo with propanolol for pheochromocytoma

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24
Q

Phentolamine

A

in combo with propanolol for pheochromocytoma (catecholamine secreting tumor) management
Want everything blocked up to remove tumor

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25
Q

Pindolol

A

HTN

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26
Q

Acebutolol

A

HTN

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27
Q

Propanolol

A

HTN

migraine pphx

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28
Q

Timolol

A

Glaucoma

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29
Q

Atenolol

A

HTN

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30
Q

Esmolol

A

HTN

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31
Q

β blockers

A 
HTN
Cardiac arrhythmias
Angina
Pphx migraine
↓cancer progression
Early in MI to ↓sympathetic tone
PPhx to ↓MI mortality
Performance anxiety
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32
Q

Labetalol

A

HTN

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33
Q

Carvedilol

A

HTN

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34
Q

Clonidine

A

↓SE of opioid withdrawal

ADHD

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35
Q

α-methyldopa

A

HTN, open angle glaucoma, safe in pregnancy

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36
Q

Dexmedetomide

A

Sedation of critically ill or injured pts in ICU for

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37
Q

Fiber

A

to decrease cholesterol

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38
Q

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)

A

people w/ high level of TG

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39
Q

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

A

people w/ high level of TG

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40
Q

Lovaza

A

people w/ high level of TG

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41
Q

Atrovastatin (Lipitor)

A

decrease cholesterol

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42
Q

Pravastatin

A

decrease cholesterol

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43
Q

Ezetimibe

A

acute coronary syndrome (w/ statin)

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44
Q

Cholestyramine

A

decrease LDL and possibly TG (w/ statin)

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45
Q

Niacin (vit B3)

A

to ↑HDL

46
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

High TG levels

47
Q

Evolocumab

A

decrease LDL

48
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Cardiac ishcmeia in more emergency and episodic situations

49
Q

Verapamil

A 
Long term ischemia tx
variant angina (vasospasm)
HTN
Angina
Arrhythmias
50
Q

Diltazem

A 
Long term ischemia tx
variant angina (vasospasm)
HTN
Angina
Arrhythmias
51
Q

Nifedipine

A 
Long term ischemia tx good for pt with low HR
variant angina (vasospasm)
HTN
Angina
Arrhythmias
Good for elderly and AA populations
52
Q

Nimodipine

A 
Long term ischemia tx good for pt with low HR
variant angina (vasospasm)
post SAH
HTN
Angina
Arrhythmias
Good for elderly and AA populations
53
Q

Propanolol

A

HTN-hx MI
Ischemic heart disease
Angina
Arrhythmias

54
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Systolic HTN

Heart failure

55
Q

Captopril

A

Diabetics with HTN
Hx MI
LVH

56
Q

Losartan

A

Diabetics with HTN

57
Q

Hydralazine

A

HTN

58
Q

Minoxidil

A

HTN

59
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside

A

HTN

60
Q

Prazosin

A

HTN and Men w/ prostatic hyperplasia and bladder obstruction sx

61
Q

Guanethidine

A

HTN

62
Q

Reserpine

A

HTN

63
Q

Methyldopa

A

Pregnant with HTN

64
Q

Clonidine

A

HTN

65
Q

What is 1st line tx for vtach post MI?

A

amiodarone or lidocaine

66
Q

What is 1st line tx for vtach w/o structural heart disease?

A

Betablockers or
verapamil or
adenosine

67
Q

What is 1st line tx for Vfib?

A

defibrillation then amiodarone (or lidocaine)

68
Q

What is 1st line tx for rate control?

A

Ca channel blockers then beta blockers

69
Q

What is 1st line tx to restore sinus rhythm?

A

amiodarone long term or defib or ibultidide for short term

70
Q

What is good for damaged tissue post MI?

A

Class IB

71
Q

Lidocaine

A

VT only
Post MI
Rhythm control

72
Q

Mexiletine

A

VT only
Long QT syndrome
Rhythm control

73
Q

Flecainide

A

VT»>SVT if no hx of ischemic disease (heart tissue needs to be healthy)
Rhythm control

74
Q

Quinidine

A

VT»>SVT
Suppress A fib (but need Ca channel blocker first to prevent rate mismatch)
Rhythm control

75
Q

Procainamide

A

VT»>SVT

Rhythm control

76
Q

Disopyramide

A

VT»>SVT

Rhythm control

77
Q

Amiodarone

A

1st line VT & SVT in structurally abnormal hearts & after MI

1st line rhythm control & A fib

78
Q

Dronedarone

A

VT & SVT

79
Q

Sotalol

A

VT & SVT

Pts w/ implantable defibilator

80
Q

Ibutalide

A

VT & SVT

Acute cardioversion in A fib to get rid of arrhythmia

81
Q

Verapamil

A

SVT fibrillation or flutters

CHF

82
Q

Diltiazem

A

SVT fibrillation or flutters

CHF

83
Q

Metoprolol

A

SVT

↓mortality post MI

84
Q

Digoxin

A

SVT

CHF

85
Q

Adenosine

A

AV node dependent narrow complex (QRS <120) tachy

86
Q

Disulfiram

A

Alcohol aversion therapy; prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics

87
Q

Acamprosate, Topiramate

A

anti-craving medications for alcohol addiction (can also be used as anti-epileptic meds)

88
Q

Naloxone (Narcan test)

A

Suspect recovering alcoholic is abusing opioids – perform Narcan challenge test prior to treatment with naltrexone; can be used in opioid overdose

89
Q

Naltrexone

A

1) Anti-craving therapy for alcohol addiction; prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics
2) Limited success in treating opioid dependence by preventing “high”; does not alleviate craving

90
Q

Methadone

A

Used for both drug maintenance therapy and detoxification of opioid addiction
Also strong opioid analgesic drug

91
Q

LAAM

A

Used for both drug maintenance therapy and detoxification of opioid addiction

92
Q

Buprenorphine

A

Used for both drug maintenance therapy and detoxification of opioid addiction

93
Q

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)

A

Smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal

94
Q

Bupropion

A

Smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal

95
Q

Varenicline

A

Smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal

96
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Metabolic Alkalosis (caused by other diuretics)

↓ intraocular pressure

Pphx acute mountain sickness (get rid of bicarb)

97
Q

Mannitol

A

↓ intercranial or interocular pressure before surgery

98
Q

Furosemide

A

Edema
1st line for HTN & CHF

↓morbidity & mortality in heart failure pts

99
Q

Ethacrynic Acid

A

Edema
1st line for HTN & CHF

↓morbidity & mortality in heart failure pts

100
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

1st line simple HTN
CHF
Hypercalciuria (stones)
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

101
Q

Spironolactone

A

HTN 2° to excess aldosterone

102
Q

Eplerenone

A

HTN 2° to excess aldosterone

103
Q

Tolvaptan

A

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)

Hyponatremia

104
Q

Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)

A

1st line for CHF

105
Q

Carvedilol

A

Give only once stabilized with ACEI or other drugs

Give SLOWLY start w/ low dose

106
Q

Metoprolol

A

Give only once stabilized with ACEI or other drugs
Give SLOWLY start w/ low dose
Can use for asthmatics

107
Q

Ivabradine

A

CHF w/ tachycardia

108
Q

Isosorbide

A

Angina

CHF

109
Q

Dinitrate/hydralazine

A

CHF refractory to ACE & ARBs

African Americans w/ CHF

110
Q

Milirinone

A

Acute decompensated HF <2 days

111
Q

Digoxin

A

CHF
Also good for CHF w/ A fib

Can use chronically

Pharmacology Exam 3 (6 decks)

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