Indications

Question 1

Paracetamol indication’s

Answer 1

2
1. Mild pain
2. Headache

Question 2

Ketamine indication’s

Answer 2

3
1. Intubation
2. Analgesia
3. Sedation
-agitation
- patient moving during CPR

Question 3

Morphine indication’s

Answer 3

3
1. Pain relief
2.Sedation to maintain intubation
3. Sedation to facilitate intubation (where fentanyl is not appropriate)

Question 4

Fentanyl indication’s

Answer 4

6
1. Sedation to facilitate intubation
2. Sedation to maintain intubation
3. Sedation to facilitate transthoracic pacing
4. Sedation to facilitate synchronised cardioversion
5. CPR interfering patient - ALS
6. Analgesia - IV / IN
* history of hypersensitivity to morphine
* Known renal impairment /failure
* Short duration desirable
* Hypotension
* Nausea and vomiting

Question 5

Methoxyflurane indication’s

Answer 5

Pain relief

Question 6

Aspirin indication’s

Answer 6

ACS

Question 7

Glyceryl Trinitrate GTN indication’s

Answer 7

5
1. Chest Pain with ACS
2. Hypertension associated with ACS
3. Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
4. Autonomic Dysreflexia
5. Preterm Labour (consult)

Question 8

Heparin indication’s

Answer 8

Acute STEMI

Question 9

Salbutamol indication’s

Answer 9

1. Respiratory distress associated with Bronchospasm
   -asthma
   -severe allergic reaction
   -COPD
   -smoke inhalation
   -oleoresin capsicum spray exposure
2. Hyperkalaemia

Question 10

Ipratropium Bromide indication’s

Answer 10

2
1. Severe respiratory distress with Bronchospasm
2. exacerbation of COPD irrespective of severity

Question 11

Dexamethasone indication’s

Answer 11

4
1. Bronchospasm associated with acute respiratory distress not responsive to nebulised salbutamol
2. Moderate to severe croup
3. Acute exacerbation of COPD
4. Adult stridor (non-foreign body obstruction)
5. Severe Covid 19

Question 12

Na Saline indication’s

Answer 12

6
1. As a replacement fluid in volume depleted patients
2. Cardiac arrest secondary to hypovolaemia or where the patient may be fluid responsive
3. to expand intravascular volume in the non cardiac, non-hypovolaemic hypotensive patient eg burns
4. As a fluid challenge in unresponsive, non-hypovolaemic, hypotensive patient eg asthma
5. Fluid for diluting and administering drugs
6. Fluid TKVO for IV administration

Question 13

Olanzapine indication’s

Answer 13

1. Mild agitation

Question 14

Midazolam indication’s

Answer 14

8
1. Status epilepticus (1 seizure for 5 min or 2 in 5 min)
2. Sedation to maintain intubation
3. Sedation to facilitate intubation
4. Sedation to facilitate synchronised cardioversion
5. sedation for transthorasic pacing
6. Sedation for the agitate patient
7. sedation for psycho-stimulant OD
8. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Question 15

Adrenaline indication’s

Answer 15

6
1. Cardiac arrest VF VT Asystol PEA
2. Shock
3. Bradycardia with poor perfusion
4. Anaphylaxis
5. Severe asthma - imminent life threat not responding to nebulised therapy or unconscious with no BP
6. Croup

Question 16

Prochlorperazine indication’s

Answer 16

1. Treatment of nausea / vomiting pt >21 of age specifically for

-Known allergy or C/I to ondansetron administration
- Vestibular nausea
2. Headache (irrespective of N&V)

Question 17

Ondansetron indication’s

Answer 17

1. Undifferentiated nausea and vomiting
2. Prophylaxis where vomiting could be detrimental (spinally immobilised, eye injury)

Question 18

Oxytocin indication’s

Answer 18

Primary Postpartum Haemorrhage

Question 19

Naloxone indication’s

Answer 19

Altered conscious state and respiratory depression secondary to administration of opioids or related drugs

Question 20

Ceftriaxone indication’s

Answer 20

1. Suspected Meningococcal septicaemia
2. Severe sepsis

Question 21

Glucagon

Answer 21

• Hypoglycemia (bgl<4.0) with altered conscious state or unresponsive to oral glycemic agents where IV agents unable to be obtained
• Anaphylaxis with persistent hypotension after X2 doses of adrenaline where pt has px of heart failure or is taking beta blockers