Indian Paintings Flashcards
Where were primitive paintings found in caves ?
Bhimbetaka Mirzapur (TV show with this name is there) Panchmarhi
When was the real beginning of Indian painting ?
Gupta Age
What is a shadanga ?
Principle/limb
In Kamasutra, how many shadanga are mentioned for paintings ?
6
Who wrote Kamasutra ?
Vatsyana
When was Kamasutra written ?
3rd Century AD
What is Rupabheda ?
Variety of Form
What is Sadrisyan ?
Portrayal of likeliness
What is Bhava ?
Creation of shine and gleam with colours
What is Varnikabhanga ?
Mixing colours to resemble modelling
What is Pramanam ?
Proportion of the subject
What is Lavanyayoganam ?
Immersion of emotions
Representation of lore on textiles is called ?
Lepya Chitra
Which play by Vishakadutta is important to understand different painting styles ?
Mudrarakshasa
What is the main feature of Cauka Pitaka ?
Isolated framed drawings
What is Dighala Pitaka’s main feature ?
Long scroll
What is Yama Pitaka ?
Isolated painting
What are rock engravings called ?
Petroglyphs
Name of archeologist who found paintings in Bhimbetaka caves ?
V.S. Wakankar
Why are they called Zoo Rock Shelter ?
Depicts many animals - elephants, rhinos, snakes
What are three main phases of pre-historic paintings ?
Upper Paleolithic Mesolithic Chalcolithic
What was the most common material of Upper Paleolithic Period ?
Ochre or Geru, with lime and water
What colours did they draw in Paleolithic Period ?
Red, green, yellow, white
What was the major change in the Mesolithic Period ?
Paintings became smaller, more red
What was the most common scene depicted in Mesolithic Period ?
Group hunting
What the change in Chalcolithic Period ?
Green and Yellow increased
What was the most common scene depicted in Chalcolithic Period ?
Battle scenes, Men riding with horses Bow and arrows
Some sites of Chalcolithic Period ?
Jogimara caves, (Ramgarh, Chhattisgarh) Chitwa Dongri
Where are the Bhimbetka Rock Paintings ?
Vidhyan Ranges, MP
What are works on walls called ?
Murals
What are the most common themes of Mural paintings ?
Hindu, Buddhist, Jain
When were Ajanta Ellora caves made ?
4th Century BC, Under Mauryan and Sunga Empire
What are some things that makes Ajanta unique ?
Each female figure has unique hairstyle Outline is red ochre Animals have emotions
What are the themes of Ajanta caves ?
Jataka stories to Buddhism
What are the Jataka tales about ?
Previous lives of Gautama Buddha
Where are Ajanta and Ellora caves ?
Aurangabad, Maharashtra
Theme of Ellora caves ?
Lakshmi, Vishnu, Shiva, Apsaras
Where are Bagh caves ?
Madhya Pradesh
Difference between Bagh caves and Ajanta ?
Figures are more tightly outlined, more earthly Both are about Jataka tales
Where is Rang Mahal ?
Cave no 4 of Bagh Caves
Where is Armamalai Cave Paintings ?
Vellore, Tamil Nadu
What is in Armamalai ?
Jain temples, made in 8th century
What is depicted in mural paintings of Amamalai ?
Astathik Palakas (8 corners of Jainism)
Where is Sittanavasal Cave ?
Northwest of Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu
When were paintings made in Sittanavasal ?
Pallava period, King Mahendravaram
What is the central element of Sittanavasal Cave ?
Pond with lotuses
Where is Ravan Chhaya Rock Shelter ?
Keonjhar District, Odisha
What is the shape of Ravan Chhaya Rock Shelter caves ?
Half-opened umbrella
Theme of Ravan Chhaya Rock Shelter Caves ?
Royal Procession
Where are Lepakshi Paintings ?
Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh
Where in Lepakshi are mural paintings made ?
Veerabhadra temple walls
When were paintings made in Lepakshi ?
16th Century, Vijayanagara Period
Theme of Lepakshi ?
Ramayana, Mahbharata.
How are the Lepakshi paintings ?
No Primary colour, Black and white outline
Where are Jogimara Cave Paintings ?
Surguja, Chhattisgarh
Where were paintings in Jogimara Cave Paintings made ?
1000-300 BC
What is depicted in Jogimara ?
Love story of Brahmi script
Which rock cut theater is near Jogimara ?
Sitabenga
Where are Badami Cave paintings ?
Karnataka
When was Badami Cave Paintings made ?
6-7th century AD
Theme of Badami Cave Paintings ?
Jain Saints, Shiva and Parvati Puranic tales
What is a miniature painting ?
Small and detailed painting
Two prominent schools of miniature paintings ?
- Pala 2. Apabhramsa
When was Pala School of Art flourishing ?
750-1150 AD
Pala paintings were done on ?
Palm leaf or vellum paper
Prominent painters of Pala school ?
Dhimman Vitapala
Where was Apabhramsa School originated from ?
Gujarat and Mewar, (Rajasthan)
When was Apabhramsa School founded ?
11-15th Century
Famous painting from Apabhramsa School ?
Kalpasutra Kalakacharya Katha
Good example of an illustrated manuscript in Delhi Sultanate during Nasir Shah’s reign
Nimatanama (Cookery)
Another style prevalent in Delhi Sultanate period ?
Lodi Khuladar
What is an important technique that Mughal invasion bought to Indian painting ?
Foreshortening Calligraphy
Names of the two painters whom Humayun sponsored ?
Abdus Samad Mir Sayyid Ali
During Akbar’s reign, Abdus and Sayyid created a famous manuscript on the tales of a parrot called ?
Tutinama
Name of artistic studio which Akbar founded ?
Tasvir Khana
Famous painters of Akbar’s court ?
Daswant Basawan Kesu
Apart from Tutinama, other famous manuscripts during Akbar’s reign ?
Hamzanama, Gulistan of Sadi
Famous artist during Jahangir ?
Ustad Mansoor
Famous manuscript with complex animal faces during Jahangir’s time ?
Ayar-i-Danish
Who encouraged artists to use pencils and charcoal ?
Shah Jahan
Who is a figure who is dominant in Mewar paintings ?
Shaibdin
Unique point of Mewar paintings ?
Tamasha Paintings (Show court ceremonies)
Kisangarh school of painting is about ?
Sawant Singh and Bani Thani
Famous painter of Kisangarh school of painting
Nihal Chand
What are the twin kingdoms of Bundi and Kota collectively called ?
Hadoti
What are Bundi school paintings about ?
Local vegetation, Red ribbon in sky Krishna bhakti
What is Amber school also called ?
Dhundar
The folk styled paintings of Mewar reached it’s peak under whom ?
Sawai Pratap Singh
When was Sawai Pratap Singh alive ?
18th Century AD
Marwar school of painting is from ?
Jodhpur and Bikaner
When was Marwar flourishing ?
15-16th century
Famous painting of Man Singh from Marwar ?
Durgacharitra
Two of the greatest painters from Pahari style ?
Nainsukh Manaku
Pahari school of painting represents the hilly regions of Jammu , Garhwal , Kumaon etc. It includes Badsholi and Kumaon styles
When was Basholi school created ?
17th century
Famous painter of Basholi school ?
Devi Das
Main patron of Kangra school ?
Raja Sansar Chand
Ragamala paintings are about ?
Indian musical raagas, Each raaga is personified with different colour
Who patronised Tanjore paintings ?
Sarfoi Maharaj, Maratha Rulers, 18th Century
Why are Tanjore paintings unique ?
Created on glass and board
What did the Mysore school of painting use ?
Gesso paste, mixture of zine oxide and Arabic gum
Who made Hindu Ellora caves ?
Rashtrakuta Dynasty
Who made Buddhist and Jain Ellora caves ?
Yadava dynasty
What are Rajput style paintings based on ?
Mural and fresco forms
What are Mughal style paintings based on ?
Persian miniature paintings
What are Rajput style paintings themes ?
Religious
What are Mughal Styles paintings themes ?
Mughal emperor and household
What is the peculiarity of Rajput style paintings ?
Hindu symbols like Lotus, Peacock
What is the peculiarity of Mughal style paintings ?
Person in picture, trees, camesl and falcons
Where did the style of Company paintings originate ?
Kolkata Chennai Delhi Patna Varanasi Thanjavur
What distinguished Company style paintings ?
Water colour and linear perspective and shading
Who are some famous painters from school of Company paintings in 20th Century ?
Sewak Ram Ishwari Prasad Ghulam Ali Khan
What was the difference between Bazaar paintings and Company paintings ?
Did not have Indian influence
Where did the influence of Bazaar paintings come from ?
Greek and Roman statues
Where was Bazaar paintings prevalent ?
Bengal and Bihar
What was the main theme of Bazaar paintings ?
Indian bazaars with European background
Who is known as the Raphael of the East ?
Raja Ravi Verma
Please name some of Raja Ravi Verma’s famous works
Lady in the Moonlight Mother India
Which state was Raja Ravi Verma from ?
Kerala
Who’s works sparked the Bengal school of paintings in 1946-1960 ?
Abhanindranath Tagore
What was unique about the Bengal school of paintings ?
Simple colours
What was Abhindranath Tagore known for ?
Bharat Mata
Name another notable painter of the Bengal school of painting
Nandlal Bose
Which sketch was Nandlal Bose known for ?
Black and white Gandhi sketch
Who illuminated the Constitution of India ?
Nandlal Bose
Please name some more famous painters of the Bengal school
Asit Kumar Haldar Manishi Dey Mukul Dey
Who was one of the most popular cubist artists in India ?
MF Hussain
Who made the series of paintings - ‘Personification of Romance’ ?
MF Hussain
Who was the found of the Progressive Art Group ?
Francis Newton Souza SH Raza
Mithila paintings are from ?
Madhubandhi town
Theme of Madhubandhi paintings ?
Religious motifs
Pattachitra painting is from ?
Odisha
Madhubandhi paintings are about what kind of auspicious occasions ?
Birth, marriage, festivals
How were Madhubandhi paintings made ?
Rice paste and vegetable colours
What was the base in Madhubandhi paintings ?
Cow dung and mud
Whom did the President of India honour in 1970 for Madhubandhi paintings ?
Jagadmaba Devi
Which village is Jagadambi Devi from ?
Jitbarpur
Do Madhubandhi paintings have GI status ?
Yes
What does patta and chitra mean in Sanskrit ?
Canvas and Picture
What is the base of Pattachitra paintings ?
Cloth
Where do the colours of Pattachitra paintings come from ?
Natural sources like burnt coconut shells, Hungula and lamp black
What coating is given to Pattachitra paintings to give it a glossy finish ?
Lacquer
What is the theme of Pattachitra paintings ?
Jagannath and Vaishanava cult
Which place in Odisha is known for Pattachitra art form ?
Raghurajpur
What is Pattachitra on palm leaf known as ?
talapattachitra
Where is Patua Art from ?
Bengal
What did Patua Art start as ?
Mangal Kavyas
What is Mangal Kavyas ?
Auspicious stories of Gods and Godesses
Which district of Bengal does Patua paintings mainly come from ?
Midnapur district
When did Kalighat paintings start ?
19th Century
Where did the Rural migrants, who started Kalighat paintings, settle down ?
Kalighat temple
What is used for kalighat paintings ?
Watercolours
What are the Kalighat paintings about ?
Religious and social sentiments
Which region’s tribal people practice Paitkar paintings ?
Jharkhan
Which Godess does Paitkar painting have an association with ?
Ma Mansa
What is a common theme of Patikar painting ?
What happens to human life post death
What is the pen is Kalamkari paintings made up of ?
Bamboo
What is the base in Kalamkari paintings ?
Cotton fabric
What are the colours in Kalamkari paintings ?
vegetable dyes
Which state is Kalamkari paintings practiced in ?
Andhra Pradesh
Which are the main centers of Kalamkari paintings in Andhra Pradesh ?
Sriklashasti Machilipatnam
What is the inspiration for Kalamkari paintings ?
Hindu mythology
How long ago does Warli tradition go back to ?
2500-3000 BC
Where was Warli paintings found ?
Gujarat Maharashtra border
What are the scenes generally portrayed in Warli paintings ?
Fishing, hunting, farming, dances, animals and trees
Which Goddess is generally portrayed in Warli paintings ?
Palaghata (Goddess of fertility)
What shapes are found in Warli paintings ?
Triangle, circle and square
What is the base in Warli paintings ?
Mixture of mud and cow dung
What is the white pigment used in Warli paintings ?
Mixture of gum and rice powder
Which North Eastern states do Thangka Paintings belong to ?
Sikkim Himachal Pradesh Ladakh Arunachal Pradesh
What are Thangka paintings about ?
Highest ideals of Buddhism
What is the canvas of Thangka paintings ?
Cotton
What are the paints in Thangka paintings made of ?
Natural vegetable dyes or mineral dyes
What are the 3 types of Thankga paintings ?
- Life of Buddha 2. Wheel of Life 3. Offerings to Deities or Meditation
Which state is Manjusha painting from ?
Bihar
Where in Bihar from Manjhusha paintings from ?
Bhagalpur
What is Manjusha painting also known as ?
Angika art
What are Manjusha paintings done on ?
Boxes of jute and paper
What are the main motiffs of Manjusha paintings ?
Snake motifs
Where are Phad paintings predominantly found ?
Rajasthan
What are the local deities found in Phad paintings ?
Pabji and Devnarayan
How long is the piece of cloth - phad ?
15-30 feet
Where are Cheriyal Scroll paintings indigenous to ?
Telangana
Which community produces the Cheriyal Scroll paintings in Telengana ?
Balladeer
Are the Cheriyal Scroll paintings continuous stories ?
Yes
Do the Cheriyal Scroll paintings have GI status ?
Yes, as of 2007
Which states’ tribal communities produce Pithora paintings ?
Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat
What are common themes in Puranas ?
Hindu Epics and Puranas
Where are the Saura paintings from ?
Odisha
Who is the main deity of the Sauras ?
Idital
How are the colours of Saura paintings extracted ?
Minerals and Plants
How are Saura paintings characterised ?
Stick Like Humans
