Increased Movement of Fluid Across Pulmonary Capillaries Flashcards
1
Q
Why does blood pressure drop during inspiration?
A
Blood pools in the right side of the heart
- decreased venous return to LA
- decreased CO
- decreased systolic BP
2
Q
What is a metabolic acidosis?
What is a respiratory acidosis?
A
- Decreased pH, no elevation of CO2
- Decreased pH, CO2 elevated
3
Q
Why might bicarbonate be low?
A
Either a new acid is being added to the system (eg lactate) or there is a loss of base
4
Q
What is the anion gap?
A
A clinical tool used to determine the gap between anions and cations
5
Q
What factors determine fluid movement across the pulmonary capillaries?
A
- Hydrostatic pressure inside and outside the capillary (push fluid out)
- Oncotic pressure inside and outside the capillary (keep fluid in)
- Permeability of the capillary
6
Q
What mechanical changes occur in the lung in pulmonary oedema?
A
- Decreased lung compliance
- Decreased lung volumes
- Increased airway resistance
- Increased WOB
7
Q
What changes occur to gas exchange in pulmonary oedema?
A
- Hypoxaemia due to shunt, low V/Q units and diffusion impairment
8
Q
What happens to arterial blood gases in pulmonary oedema?
A
- Decreased PaO2, PaCO2, increased pH (compensatory hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis)
- if severe - increased PaCO2 and decreased pH
