Incontinence

Question 1

what is needed for normal urinary tract function

Answer 1

storage and voiding

Question 2

voiding is controlled by what centre

Answer 2

pontine micturation centre causing detrusor muscle to relax

Question 3

what occurs sympathetically during bladder filling

Answer 3

Activated
-b2 and b3 receptors active
-nore enep stimi

Question 4

what occurs parasympathetically during bladder filling

Question 5

what are the different types of incontinence

Answer 5

• stress - invol loss of urine with couging.sneexing.jumpting etc
• Urgency- invol loss of urine associated with or immediate proceeded urgency

Question 6

What are associates LUTS symptoms relating to storage

Answer 6

• Frequency
• nocturia
• urgency

Question 7

What are associates LUTS symptoms relating to voiding

Answer 7

• Hesitancy
• intermittency urine flow
• terminal dribble
• straining

Question 8

What clinical examination would you do for LUTS

Answer 8

• Abdo exam for distended bladder
• Pelvic exam for women
• DRE
• Cough test

Question 9

DIAPPERS

Question 10

what are the parmocological managments of LUTS

Answer 10

Antimuscarinic agens -yM3
Miragegron - selective B3 adrenoceptors
Desmopressin (synthetic ADH)

Question 11

What lifestyle changes can help ith LUTS

Answer 11

• weight loss
• fluid modification
• avoid irritants - smoking, caffeine etc
• bladder re training
• containments devices
• pelvic floor exercises