Inclusive Design Flashcards
Describe the 8 principles of design.
Repetition
Emphasis
Alignment
Contrast
Hierarchy
Balance
Whitespace
What is universal design?
An approach to design that seeks to make products and environments accessible and usable by the widest range of people possible.
Describe the 7 general principles of universal design.
- Flexibility in Use:
- Equitable Use:
- Simple and Intuitive Use
- Tolerance for Error
- Perceptible Information
- Low Physical Effort
- Size and Space for Approach and Use
Describe the advantages of universal design.
Increased Accessibility: Universal Design makes products and environments accessible to a wider range of people, including those with disabilities or other functional limitations.
Improved Usability: By designing for a diverse range of users, Universal Design creates products and environments that are easier to use and understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, or background.
Better User Experience: Universal Design creates a more positive and inclusive user experience, which can improve user satisfaction and engagement.
Cost Savings: By designing for accessibility and usability from the outset, Universal Design can help to reduce the need for expensive retrofits or modifications down the line.
Compliance with Regulations: Universal Design helps to ensure compliance with accessibility regulations and standards, reducing the risk of litigation and negative publicity.
Increased Market Potential: By creating products and environments that are accessible and usable by a wider range of people, Universal Design can increase the market potential for those products and services.
Social Responsibility: Universal Design is a socially responsible approach to design that promotes inclusion, equity, and respect for diversity
What is inclusive design?
A design methodology that seeks to create accessible and usable solutions for a wide range of users, regardless of their age, ability, or other characteristics.
Describe the 3 general principles of inclusive design.
Diversity and Inclusion: Design should be inclusive of all users, regardless of their individual needs and characteristics, and should seek to address the needs of a wide range of users.
Collaboration and Co-creation: Design should involve collaboration with users and stakeholders from diverse backgrounds, and should seek to incorporate their feedback and insights into the design process.
Human-centered Design: Design should be based on a deep understanding of the needs and experiences of users, and should be focused on creating solutions that are intuitive, flexible, and adaptable to meet the needs of a wide range of users.
Describe the differences between inclusive and universal design.
Focus: Universal Design is primarily focused on creating products and environments that are accessible and usable by the widest range of people possible, regardless of their individual needs or characteristics. Inclusive Design, on the other hand, is focused on creating solutions that are specifically designed to meet the needs of a diverse range of users, including those with disabilities or other functional limitations.
Scope: Universal Design is often applied to physical environments and products, such as buildings or household appliances, while Inclusive Design is more commonly applied to digital and web-based solutions, such as websites or mobile applications.
Process: Universal Design is often based on a set of established principles and guidelines, such as the 7 Principles of Universal Design. Inclusive Design, on the other hand, is more flexible and emphasizes collaboration and co-creation with users and stakeholders.
Describe the 3 categories of disabilities.
Physical Disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s physical functioning, mobility, or dexterity, such as amputation, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, or arthritis.
Sensory Disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s senses, such as vision, hearing, or touch, such as blindness, deafness, or sensory processing disorder.
Cognitive Disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s cognitive or intellectual functioning, such as Down syndrome, dyslexia, or autism spectrum disorder. Cognitive disabilities can affect a person’s memory, attention, learning, communication, or problem-solving abilities.
Describe the term accessibility.
Accessibility is the design of products, environments, and services that can be used by people with disabilities or other functional limitations, in order to provide equal access and opportunity to all individuals regardless of their abilities or characteristics. It is important to ensure that everyone has the same opportunities and can participate fully in society
With respect to designing for diversity, describe the following. Include possible solutions, in terms of
user interface design.
* Visual impairment
* Hearing impairment
* Physical impairment
* Speech impairment
* Dyslexia
* Age
* Cultural differences
Designing for diversity means creating products and services that are accessible and usable by a wide range of users, including those with disabilities or other functional limitations, as well as users from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Here are some possible solutions for designing for different types of disabilities and cultural differences:
Visual Impairment: To make products more accessible for users with visual impairments, designers can incorporate features such as high-contrast color schemes, larger font sizes, and alternative text descriptions for images. Screen readers can also be used to read out the text and describe visual elements.
Hearing Impairment: To make products more accessible for users with hearing impairments, designers can incorporate features such as closed captions, transcripts, and visual alerts. Additionally, they can design interfaces that rely less on audio cues, such as using visual cues to indicate that a task has been completed.
Physical Impairment: To make products more accessible for users with physical impairments, designers can incorporate features such as larger buttons, adjustable font sizes, and voice controls. Additionally, designers can ensure that products are compatible with assistive technologies such as voice recognition software or specialized input devices.
Speech Impairment: To make products more accessible for users with speech impairments, designers can incorporate features such as alternative input methods, such as typing or gesturing, or using text-to-speech technology.
Dyslexia: To make products more accessible for users with dyslexia, designers can incorporate features such as easy-to-read fonts, adjustable font sizes, and visual cues to break up large blocks of text. Additionally, they can ensure that products are compatible with text-to-speech software.
Age: To make products more accessible for older users, designers can incorporate features such as larger fonts, simplified interfaces, and clearer instructions. Additionally, designers can ensure that products are compatible with assistive technologies such as hearing aids or magnifying glasses.
Cultural Differences: To make products more accessible for users from different cultural backgrounds, designers can incorporate features such as support for multiple languages, culturally appropriate imagery and color schemes, and internationalization of date and time formats. Additionally, they can conduct user research to better understand the needs and preferences of users from different cultural backgrounds.
With respect to inclusive design, describe how the following can be used to improve accessibility.
Include at least one example each. Include the advantages and disadvantages.
* Multi-modal interaction
* Sound
* Touch
* Handwriting recognition
* Gesture recognition
With respect to inclusive design, describe how the following can be used to improve accessibility.
Include at least one example each. Include the advantages and disadvantages.
* Multi-modal interaction
* Sound
* Touch
* Handwriting recognition
* Gesture recognition
