Incisions

Question 0

Paramedian

Answer 0

made through the rectus abdominis ~ 1.5cm from midline
intercostal nerves may be divided
higher risk of bleeding and herniae
used in upper GI surger

Question 1

Midline

Answer 1

through the linea alba

used for most laparotomies

Question 2

Kocher’s

Answer 2

3cm below right costal margin from midline to the edge of the rectus sheath
used in biliary surgery
can be used on the left for splenectomy

Question 3

Double Kocher’s

Answer 3

a right and left sided Kocher’s, joining in the midline

used in pancreatic and gastric surgery

Question 4

Gridiron

Answer 4

made through McBurney’s point at right angles to McBurney’s line
used in appendicectomy
risk of dividing iliohypogastric nerver medially, resulting in direct inguinal hernia - due to weakening of the conjoint tendon

Question 5

Lanz

Answer 5

modification of the gridiron but transverse

more cosmetic result as along the Langer’s lines

Question 6

Pfannenstiel

Answer 6

transverse lower abdominal incision
used in gyane and pelvic surgery
lowest incident of incisional hernia

Question 7

Rutherford - Morrison (hockey stick)

Answer 7

external oblique splitting incision affording good access to caecum, appendix and right colon.
Mainly used during kidney transplant surgery as donor kidney is transplanted into the RIL