Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

asia q1 > incc ex1 ch 1 2 > Flashcards

incc ex1 ch 1 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Culture

A

a learned meaning system that consists of patterns of traditions, beliefs, values, norms, meanings, and symbols that are passed on from one generation to the next and are shared to varying degrees by interacting members of a community.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Surface-Level Culture

A

Popular Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Intermediate-Level Culture

A

Symbols, Meanings, and Norms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intermediate-Level Culture

Symbol

A

sign, artifact, word(s), gesture, or nonverbal behavior that stands for or reflects something meaningful; language is a symbol system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intermediate-Level Culture

Cultural norms:

A

collective expectations of what constitutes proper or improper behavior in a given interaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Intermediate-Level Culture

interaction goal

A

the objective of the meeting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Intermediate-Level Culture

The relationship expectation

A

how much role formality/informality or task/social tone you want to forge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Intermediate-Level Culture

Cultural competence skills

A

internalized cultural knowledge and the operational skills able to apply in the communication scene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Deep-Level Culture

A

Traditions, Beliefs, and Values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Deep-Level Culture

Normative culture

A

patterned way of living by group of interacting individuals who share a common set of history, traditions, beliefs, and values and an interdependent fate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Deep-Level Culture

Subjective culture

A

refers to the individual level, whereby members of a culture can attach different degrees of importance to cultural beliefs and values.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Deep-Level Culture

Culturally shared traditions

A

include myths, legends, ceremonies, and rituals passed on from one generation to the next via oral or written medium; they reinforce ingroup solidarity, communal memory, cultural stability, and continuity functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Deep-Level Culture

Culturally shared beliefs

A

fundamental assumptions or worldviews people hold dearly without question; can revolve around questions as to human origins, concepts of time, space, reality, existence of a supernatural being, and so on.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Deep-Level Culture

Cultural values

A

priorities that guide “good” or “bad” behaviors, “desirable” or “undesirable” practices, “fair” or “unfair” actions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intercultural communication

A

symbolic exchange process whereby individuals from two (or more) different cultural communities attempt to negotiate shared meanings in an interactive situation within an embedded societal system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Intercultural communication
Symbolic exchange (Characteristic 1):
A

use of verbal and nonverbal symbols between a minimum of two individuals to accomplish shared meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Intercultural communication
Symbolic exchange (Characteristic 1):
Digital aspects of communication

A

content information we convey to a listener. Arbitrary relationship between digital cue (e.g., the word “angry”) and its interpretation (meaning).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Intercultural communication
Symbolic exchange (Characteristic 1):
Analogical aspects of communication

A

“picturesque” or affective meanings we convey through use of nonverbal cues. Resemblance between nonverbal cue (e.g., frown) and its interpretation (dislike

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intercultural communication

Process (Characteristic 2

A

interdependent nature of the encounter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Intercultural communication
Process (Characteristic 2
Transactional nature of intercultural communication

A

simultaneous encoding (i.e., sender chooses words/gestures to express intentions) and decoding (i.e., receiver translates words/nonverbal cues into comprehensible meanings) of the exchanged messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Intercultural communication
Process (Characteristic 2
Irreversible process

A

because the decoder may form different impressions even in regard to the same repeated message.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q 
Intercultural communication. 
Cultural community (Characteristic 3):
A

group of interacting individuals within a bounded unit who uphold a set of shared traditions and way of life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Intercultural communication.
Cultural community (Characteristic 3):
Culture

A

frame of reference or knowledge system shared by a large group within a perceived bounded unit.

i. Group-level concept: a patterned way of living.
ii. Individuals’ subjective sense of group membership.

24
Q

Intercultural communication.

Negotiate shared meanings (Characteristic 4):

A

general goal of intercultural communication encounter: have our message understood. Negotiate: creative give-and-take nature of the fluid process of communication.

25
Q

Three layers of meaning are critical to understand how people express themselves:
Content meaning

A

the factual (digital) information conveyed

26
Q

Three layers of meaning are critical to understand how people express themselves:

A

information concerning the state of the relationship between the two communicators: conveys both power distance (e.g., equal–unequal) meanings and relational distance (e.g., friendly–unfriendly) meanings.

27
Q

Three layers of meaning are critical to understand how people express themselves:

A

Who am I and who are you in this interaction episode?” Displays of respect/disrespect and identity approval/disapproval.

28
Q 
Intercultural communication. 
Interactive situation (Characteristic 5):
A

communication occurs in contexts (relational, psychological, physical).

29
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

Flexible intercultural communication

A

integrate knowledge and open-minded attitude, put into adaptive and creative practice.

30
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

Inflexible intercultural communication

A

use own cultural values, judgments, routines in communicating with different others

31
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

Ethnocentric mindset

A

stuck in own cultural worldviews, use our own cultural values as standards to evaluate others’ behaviors

32
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility.

Ethnorelative mindset

A

understand behavior from other person’s cultural frame of reference.

33
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

Three Content Components

A

Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills

34
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Three Content Components: Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills

Skills

A

operational abilities to integrate knowledge and a responsive attitude with adaptive intercultural practice.

35
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Three Content Components: Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills.

Knowledge

A

systematic, conscious learning of essential themes and concepts in intercultural communication flexibility. Developed via:

a. Formal studying: classes, seminars, diversity-related training.
b. Informal learning: travel, study abroad, volunteer, read, interact with culturally different others, etc.

36
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Three Content Components: Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills

Attitude:

A

: includes both cognitive and affective layers. Flexible attitude: engage in ethnorelative thinking to understand someone’s behavior from his or her cultural point of view.

a. Cognitive: willing to suspend ethnocentric judgment, be open-minded in learning about cross-cultural differences.
b. Affective: emotional commitment to engage in cultural perspective-taking and cultivation of empathetic heart to reach out to culturally identity, emotional vulnerability issues.

37
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

Three Criteria

A

: Appropriateness, Effectiveness, and Adaptability

38
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Three Criteria: Appropriateness, Effectiveness, and Adaptability

Appropriateness

A

degree to which exchanged behaviors are regarded as proper and match expectations of cultural insiders.

39
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Three Criteria: Appropriateness, Effectiveness, and Adaptability

Effectiveness,

A

degree to which communicators achieve mutually shared meaning and integrative goal-related outcomes.

40
Q

Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Three Criteria: Appropriateness, Effectiveness, and Adaptability

Adaptability

A

ability to change interaction behaviors and goals to meet specific needs of the situation.

41
Q

Developing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

Staircase Model

A

Four Stages of Flexible Intercultural Communication

42
Q

Developing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Staircase Model: Four Stages of Flexible Intercultural Communication

Unconscious incompetence

A

blissfully ignorant stage. Individual is unaware of blunders committed with cultural strangers.

43
Q

Developing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Staircase Model: Four Stages of Flexible Intercultural Communication

Conscious incompetence

A

semiawareness stage. Aware of incompetence but does not do anything (or know how to) change behavior in situation.

44
Q

Developing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Staircase Model: Four Stages of Flexible Intercultural Communication

Conscious competence

A

full mindfulness” stage. Aware of “nonfluency,” committed to integrate new knowledge, attitude, and skills into competent practice.

45
Q

Developing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
Staircase Model: Four Stages of Flexible Intercultural Communication

Unconscious competence:

A

mindlessly mindful” stage. Can code-switch so effortlessly that interaction process flows smoothly and from “out-of-conscious yet mindful awareness” rhythm.

46
Q

Developing Intercultural Communication Flexibility

An Essential Hook: A Mindful Perspective. A flexible communicator:

A
  1. Is well-trained, with vast knowledge of intercultural communication;
  2. Is a mindful cultural scanner, with inward and outward mindfulness; and
  3. Understands the complexity of intercultural communication.
47
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 1

A

Mismatched expectations stem from group differences. Can include deep-level differences (cultural worldviews, values, etc.), norms, expectations

48
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 2

A

Involves degrees of biased intergroup perceptions, overgeneralizations, stereotypes. Intergroup: person viewed as a representation of the group, deemphasizing the person’s uniqueness.

49
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 3

A

Simultaneous encoding and decoding of verbal/nonverbal messages. Need cultural decoding competence or likely to misjudge other’s intentions.

50
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 4

A

Multiple goals, largely dependent on how an interaction episode is defined. Three types of goals:

a. Content goals: external, substantive issues.
b. Relational goals: socioemotional, relational role issues.
c. Identity goals: projected self-image or self-worth issues.

51
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 5

A

Calls for understanding and acceptance of diverse communication approaches and styles.

52
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 6

A

Often involves well-meaning culture bumps or clashes.

a. Culture bump: cultural violation on behavioral level; our meanings do not overlap in viewing the same behavior, creating communication awkwardness or embarrassment.
b. Well-meaning clash: misunderstanding an encounter in which people are actually behaving in a “socially skilled manner” and with “good intentions” according to their norms. Well-meaning: no one intentionally behaves obnoxiously or unpleasantly.

53
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 7

A

Always takes place in context; includes physical setting, psychological or emotional meanings, expected roles of participants, and degree of cultural knowledge.

54
Q

Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Process Consciousness: Underlying Principles of Intercultural Communication

Principle 8

A

Always takes place in embedded systems. A system is an interdependent set of components that constitute a whole and simultaneously influence each other

55
Q

Intercultural Reality Check: Do-Ables

A flexible intercultural communicator:

A

A. Emphasizes a process-focused approach to intercultural communication.
B. Recognizes separate, ethnocentric realities that divide individuals and groups.
C. Is willing to suspend evaluative snap judgments concerning culture-based verbal and nonverbal style differences
D. Can deal with ambiguities and paradoxes in uncertain intercultural situations.
E. Can communicate appropriately, effectively, adaptively, and creatively through the use of constructive and nonverbal communication skills.

asia q1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions