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Serous Crime > In Red MC and SA > Flashcards

In Red MC and SA Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of appreciation

SA

A

Appreciation is a proven method of problem-solving. The process follows a series of set steps to ensure the optimum course of action is taken. It considers all appropriate factors and weighs the benefits and risks allowing sound decisions to be taken. An appreciation is an ongoing process which involves continually thinking through each new piece of information as it is uncovered.

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2
Q

What Are the benefits of applying an appreciation technique

SA MC

A

Informs police what they are expected to achieve

Increases the chances of success/aims objectives being met

Manages risk

Establishes a sequence of activities to be carried out

Eliminate duplication

Reduces uncertainty

Ensures nothing is overlooked

Effective use of resources

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3
Q

Appreciation – what are factors

SA

A

Any circumstance or fact that could effect the manner in which you will achieve your desired outcome eg weather conditions,

Ask the question – so what? What does this mean? In order to thoroughly examine each factor and draw a logical Conclusion from it

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4
Q

What is adopting an investigative mentality

SA

A

No matter what the circumstances of a death polices purpose is to always investigate thoroughly and gather sufficient evidence to satisfactorily EXPLAIN the circumstances of the DEATH

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5
Q

The person reporting an incident is a critical witness in an investigation and it is priority to obtain all available information What information must be obtained?

SA

A

Identity and location of the suspect

Firsthand account of what the informant/complainant knows

Precise details of the location of the scene

Circumstances leading to the discovery

Identity of the victim

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6
Q

What risk assessments should be carried out at the initial action at the scene

SA

A

Initial action at the scene is crucial but may also present physical risks as well as a risk of contamination to the scene

Subject to the appreciation of risks a reconnaissance should be conducted to establish who is present at the scene eg other injured people, offender hiding

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7
Q

Having insured the safety of those present the next priority is to establish the physical condition of the victim.
What are the three categories?

SA

A

Alive and uninjured

Alive but injured

Shows no sign of life

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8
Q

The fifth step of preserving the scene is record. What are the steps?

What do you record at the scene

SA

A

The integrity of the scene, crime scene log of movements names times and reasons for entry and exit

Observe and record details of the scene, location of the victim

Complete a sketch of the scene

Photograph the scene and consider using video recording

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9
Q

What are four procedures for dealing with a suspect at a scene?

SA

A

Separate suspects from other persons at the scene

Consider the condition of the suspect, whether they are injured, under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or suffer from a medical or mental impairment or other special consideration

Ask the suspect to remain at the scene and to cooperate with police. As soon as possible remove the suspects from the scene by consent or with lawful justification.

If the suspect refuses to cooperate consider which grounds exist to arrest them and the most appropriate offence for the arrest

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10
Q

What must you do when media are present at a crime scene?

MC

A

Keep them away from the immediate crime scene Cordon

Make no comment about the incident

Consult with OC investigation and explain what happened

Identify media members in where they are located

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11
Q

Who should be appointed OC body?

MC

A

An experienced investigator with awareness of forensic issues

If not possible OC body may require support or a mentor

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12
Q

What are the responsibilities of OC body

SA

A

Ensure death has been certified by a doctor or qualified paramedic using a deceased person certificate (POL265)

Establish if the body has been moved or disturbed

Ensure the body is photographed “in situ”and consider using video recording

Note details of medical staff and others who have attended to the victim

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13
Q

What do you do when the body has been disturbed or moved?

SA

A

Dont try to restore the scene to its original unchanged condition

Make enquiries to enable the original unchanged scene to be reconstructed or photographed

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14
Q

Who may attend a post-mortem?

MC

A

Pathologist (pathologist assisting if authorised by the coroner)

Coroner

Doctor who treated the deceased

Police

Dr,nurse, or funeral director representing the deceased if authorised by coroner

Dr representing the interests of a suspect to hers or may be charged in relation to the death if authorised by coroner

Any other doctor or trainee doctor authorised by coroner

Any other person authorised by a coroner

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15
Q

Who from police should attend the post-mortem?

A

OC investigation

OC body

Police photographer

SOCO or fingerprint officer if required

Member Designated as exhibit officer for post-mortem

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16
Q

Depending on particular circumstances of each case the OC investigation may consult other experts regarding the conduct of a post-mortem. Name four other experts

BOMB

SA

A

Biologist

Odontologist

Medical illustrator

Ballistics expert

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17
Q

In the case of a homicide or serious crime involving a Māori victim what must you do?

SA

A

Engage an Iwi liaison officer

support, understand and be aware of maori traditions, protocol and beliefs

Enhance relations between the investigation, family of the deceased and the Māori community

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18
Q

What are the Two important points when a person is carrying out formal ID of the deceased?

SA

A

Fully informed of what is required of them

What to expect to see when they see the deceased, particularly after a post-mortem has taken place

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19
Q

What four other methods of ID can be taken when the deceased has been mutilated or there is decomposition that may render visual ID of the body

A

Fingerprints

Dental records (region forensic dentistry advisor)

Eye examination records

Personal effects

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20
Q

When skeletal remains are found A pathologist with the assistance of a forensic anthropologist can usually provide what information?

SA

A

Whether the remains are actually bones

Whether the bones are human

The age, gender, height and race of the person

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21
Q

What relevant information and material must the pathologist be supplied with before the post-mortem?

MC

A

Copy of Pol 47

MEK kit

Toxicology kit

medical records of the deceased where available

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22
Q

What is the OC body responsible for regarding exhibit for the deceased body at the post Mortem

SA

A

Recording, labeling, packaging, ceiling and securing all physical exhibits relating to the body including samples taken during the post Mortem and must be packaged and sealed before leaving the mortuary

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23
Q

After the post Mortem What must the OC body take possession of?

SA

A

All exhibits, including all samples and specialist kits

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24
Q

What must the OC body do with the exhibits once everything is completed from their end?

A

Hand all exhibits to the OC exhibit to maintain an unbroken chain of exhibit continuity and security.

provide the post mortem scene exhibit schedule

copy of the NB entries
formal statement

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25
Q

What must the OC body include when preparing the sudden death file?

MC

A

Statement relating to the victims formal identification

Copy of the police form 47 or 47A

Copy of deceased person certificate - Pol 265

Copy of deceased person identification - Pol 265A

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26
Q

What is the role of the family liaison officer?

SA

A

involves the day to day management Between the family of the deceased and the police investigation

An investigator and not a support person

the FLO must also offer, facilitate and coordinate support that addresses the needs of the family

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27
Q

What is the purpose of a victim impact statement for the victim?

A

statement about how the crime has impacted them through VIS

Must be available for sentencing and not be older than 28 days at the time of sentencing

Homicide trained victim support volunteers are trained to assist police by taking victim impact statements from surviving members

28
Q

When Compiling a victim profile what are the two sources of information

SA

A

PEOPLE eg friends, colleagues, partners, associates

PASSIVE DATA eg NIA, medical history, internet usage, cellphone records

29
Q

With a reconnaissance The OC area canvas and OC investigation should attend the external/general scene as soon as practical to do what?

MC

A

Make a reconnaissance of the area and conduct an appreciation

Set the parameters and objectives of the area canvas to provide a clear perspective of the area when it is referred to in statements/briefings

30
Q

Identifying location parameters covered by the canvas must be adequate and relevant to achieving the investigation. When would you use specialist police units?

SA

A

behavioural science unit or criminal or geographic profilers may be consulted to assist with setting perimeters or identifying locations where suspects are likely to frequent or reside

31
Q

What are the area canvas questionnaires?

SA

A

Stress that the Questionaire is only a guide to ensure the questions are asked but should be regarded as flexible and information supplied could lead to other questions

32
Q

What should the OC area canvas ensure that essential stuff remain focused and alert to the possibilities that the person they are speaking to could be a witness or offender

A

ensure staff morale is high by providing regular feedback on the way area canvas enquiries are contributing to the progress of the investigation

Update on progress made with other enquiries

33
Q

What points do you have to consider to complement door-to-door enquiries?

MC

A

Media

Poster campaign

Maildrop

High-profile police presence e.g. caravan

34
Q

A final report at the conclusion of the area canvas must be submitted by the OC area canvas what should the report include?

SA

A

Summary of all action taken

Significant findings highlighted

Action taken outside the original phase strategy

35
Q

When obtaining forensic evidence from a witness at a scene you must plan to preserve and recover evidence. What considerations should be taken when recovering this evidence.?

SA

A

DNA Swabs of any blood present on the witness

Swabs of any other relevant stains present on the witness

Fingernails scrapings, hair combing

Seizure of clothing and footwear and any items touched by the suspect

36
Q

What is the purpose of preliminary witness interviews. The witness possesses information or material that may lead to?

MC

A

Early identification or arrest of a subject

Recovery of evidence or information relevant to the offence

Prevents the disposal or destruction of evidence connected to the investigation

Prevention of the commission of other offences

37
Q

What should be considered when appointing an interviewer to interview a witness?

SA

A

Level of training of interviewer

Experience of the officer in major investigations and any additional skills that may be advantageous in the circumstances

Suitability of the officer to undertake the interview

38
Q

A risk assessment must be conducted to establish the extent to which a witness might be at risk of intimidation or physical harm?

MC

A

Fear of going to court

Life being at serious risk

39
Q

What are police responsibilities to a witness

SA

A

Insuring court appearance - Maintain contact ensuring they are summonsed and available to appear in court

Witness intimidation - by maintaining contact police will be aware of any threats, intimidation or interference for appropriate action to be taken e.g. witness protection program

Witness media interest - Advising witnesses and victims family of potential consequences of discussing evidence with journalists e.g. jeopardise in court proceedings

Court proceedings - Ensure witnesses are fully briefed of their responsibilities and they are updated throughout the investigative and court process

40
Q

Witness control - you must ensure that witnesses do not

MC

A

Have any contact or communication with jurors

Discuss the case in public areas while waiting to give evidence

Discuss the case with witnesses waiting after they have given evidence

41
Q

What should your briefing include when briefing the suspects team

SA

A

Circumstances of the offence including analysis of the scene and witness evidence available

Full details of all persons of interest and any suspect where identity is known

Descriptions of the suspect provided by witnesses

Particular MO’s/crime signatures have been identified

42
Q

The OC suspect will arrange a medical examination for the suspect. What must the doctor do?

SA

A

Note any injuries e.g. scratches or bruises

Take samples using a medical examination kit e.g. saliva, blood, fingernail scrapings, head hair

Swap the suspects hands for firearms residue using the firearms detection kit as soon as possible where a firearm has been involved and an offence

Provide a professional opinion regarding the condition of the suspect

43
Q

What is the role of the disclosure manager

SA

A

Read the disclosure manager desk file

Access the current serious crime template or IMT for use during investigation

Report to the 2IC to receive a briefing, tasking, establishing what information is and is not discoverable and ongoing supervision

44
Q

What are the key responsibilities for the disclosure manager

SA

A

all relevant and discoverable material is provided to defence counsel

All relevant and nondiscoverable material is identified, listed and defence advised

Manage disclosure timeframes within the provisions of the act or directed by the courts

Retain and file all correspondence with defence counsel both incoming and outgoing

45
Q

What are police obligations when council is reassigned

SA

A

Ensure the replacement council is provided with all material previously disclosed.

46
Q

What is section 10 (4) of the act providing disclosure to Defence Counsel

SA

A

Disclosure may be supplied in whatever form including electronically, person disclosing the information holds it at the time of the request provided it’s available to the defendant

47
Q

What should the Crown disclosure be provided with

SA

A

Identical copy of all material disclosed to defence counsel

Should review an un-edited copy of the material

Remain under the control of the file manager while being reviewed

48
Q

The file manager must liaise closely with the 2IC to establish requests for headquarters including

MC

A

Location

Transport

Equipment

Communications

49
Q

The file manager must assist the 2IC to prepare what

SA

A

Police and special notices

Daily bulletins/sitreps

organisational chart and daily rosters

Well displayed within the investigation headquarters

50
Q

What is OC exhibit responsible for

SA

A

Establishing required standards for the recovery, handling, labelling, storage

Submission to experts

Presentation at court and disposal of exhibits

51
Q

In smaller investigations to OC exhibits may conduct an appreciation and facilitate a thorough interrogation of every exhibit to establish what

MC

A

Evidential value of each exhibit

Further enquiries needed

Investigate opportunities each exhibit presents

52
Q

The OC exhibits must ensure all exhibits are fully examined. what must the OC Exhibits be aware of and determine

SA

A

significance of each exhibit and what examinations may be available

Determine, plan and record the examination of every exhibit and establish its relevance to the investigation

53
Q

Establishing a forensics strategy for examination of exhibit allows the OC exhibits to do what

SA

A

Prioritise tasks in line with the direction of the investigation

The strategy must be approved by the OC investigation and reviewed throughout the investigation to keep on top of developments

54
Q

What are the topics covered during a forensic strategy meeting

SA

A

Examinations ESR and others could conduct on exhibits

Priority each examination should receive

Whether any further work is needed to assist a reconstruction

An agreed reconstruction of the events relevant to the crime under investigation

55
Q

Following any forensic strategy meeting what must the OC exhibits record on the exhibits register

SA

A

The types of examinations to be conducted and the priority allocated to the examination of each exhibit

56
Q

What must the OC exhibit do regarding results of an exhibit examination

SA

A

Update the exhibits register with the results

Inform OC investigations and not assume they are aware

If further enquiries are required for a particular exhibit must inform the 2IC so enquiries can be initiated

57
Q

Where should exhibits be taken for safe storage

SA

A

Weather sealed or not no exhibit should be taken into the investigation headquarters. a secure room should be available for use by the OC exhibits that must be kept locked at all times

58
Q

What is the chain of custody for exhibits

SA

A

Every individual who has had custody of an exhibit from the time it was first discovered until the time it is produced in court

It is used to demonstrate the integrity and admissibility of exhibits

59
Q

While an exhibit is under control of any officer how must this be demonstrated an IMT or prop “called the chain of evidence”

SA

A

When and who they received custody of the exhibit

When and how the exhibit was securely stored

How the exhibit has been treated, safeguarded and preserved

When, why and how the exhibit was moved from one place to another

60
Q

The OC exhibit is responsible for entering information from each scene exhibit why is this

SA

A

To protect the integrity only the OC exhibit should have the password to access and make alterations. Other members of the investigations team can view it

61
Q

What action can be taken to preserve the integrity of the exhibits register

SA

A

Only the OC exhibits and typist should have the password for alterations, although every member of the investigation team should be able to view it

62
Q

What is the first thing to consider when undertaking a course of action at a serious crime scene?

SA

A

What risk may exist

63
Q

OC suspects must investigate all suspects thoroughly in order of priority as decided in consultation with OC investigation. what particular matters may influence setting of priorities?

SA

A

The relevant weight of evidence against a person or the likelihood of them leaving the area

The urgency in solving the case or availability of staff

64
Q

A police officer who has first contact with an informant to a serious offence should be briefed regarding the contact to obtain what?

SA

A

Take care in recording what the informant/complainant says

There demeanour and clothing worn

These notes could become critical, particularly if the complainant/informant is later ID’d as a suspect

65
Q

Why must a Risk assessment be carried out on a witness?

MC

A

Establish the extent to which a witness might be at risk of intimidation and physical harm

Serous Crime (12 decks)

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