in class quizzes Flashcards
Regarding the drug development pipeline, which of the following statements is MOST CORRECT?
First-in-class drugs have been designed against a protein that no one else has made a drug against before.
Drug prescriptions are rare and only a few people in the population are currently prescribed a drug.
There are about 100 different drugs on the market.
There are about 1000 new drugs approved each year.
First-in-class drugs have been designed against a protein that no one else has made a drug against before
Regarding the drug development pipeline, which of the following statements is MOST CORRECT?
The structure of the drug development pipeline is designed to increase risk as time goes on.
From the point of view of ethics, it’s important to expose lots of people to a novel drug with unknown safety as the first step in drug development.
Cancer drugs have the lowest proportion of drug approvals, both in 2015-19 and in 2020.
The pipeline has a multi-year step that occurs in laboratories before a second major multi-year step that occurs in people.
The pipeline has a multi-year step that occurs in laboratories before a second major multi-year step that occurs in people.
Regarding the World Health Organization List of Essential Medicines, which of the following statements is MOST CORRECT?
The list contains the most expensive drugs.
The list includes drugs that don’t work well.
The list focuses on drugs to treat non-serious medical conditions.
The list contains drugs with global health impact developed by pharmaceutical companies.
The list contains drugs with global health impact developed by pharmaceutical companies.
Regarding the drug development pipeline, which of the following statements is MOST CORRECT?
Most drugs interact directly with DNA.
Lots of potential chemicals start off at the beginning of the pipeline, but only a very few result in being a marketed drug.
Only very few drugs are tested on thousands of people before they become available to the general public.
Clinical trials only involve patients, not healthy people.
Lots of potential chemicals start off at the beginning of the pipeline, but only a very few result in being a marketed drug.
According to Dr. Greig’s video “The Mysterious Case of the One-Eyed Sheep”, which of the following statements is Most Correct?
Lambs that ate cow cabbage lost one of their eyes, suggesting that this plant had strong chemicals in it.
The Sonic Hedgehog pathway is turned on after birth to allow mammals to fully mature.
Sheep and humans are both mammals but the pathways that control cell growth and development are completely different between the two species.
Cyclopamine is a drug that stops sheep from having two eyes and also stops cancer growth in Gorlin syndrome.
Cyclopamine is a drug that stops sheep from having two eyes and also stops cancer growth in Gorlin syndrome.
Most drugs are designed against:
Cells
Proteins
Genes
RNA
Proteins
Regarding acquired mutations, which of the following statements is MOST CORRECT?
Cancer is frequently caused by acquired mutations.
Acquired mutations are acquired from your mother or your father.
Acquired mutations cause DNA damage by accident.
Your own personal number of acquired mutations decreases as you get older.
Cancer is frequently caused by acquired mutations.
DNA mutations don’t always result in cancer. Why?
A cancer genome evolves over time and this is a challenge in drug development.
Cancer is not a genetic disease.
In cancer, cell growth is dysregulated.
Due to the human genetic code, changes in the DNA of a gene don’t always result in changes in the amino acid sequence of the protein.
Due to the human genetic code, changes in the DNA of a gene don’t always result in changes in the amino acid sequence of the protein.
In the early history of drug discovery, a prevailing idea was:
Drugs cannot act to correct the patient’s imbalance in the humours that caused their disease.
The patient should be the expert of their own disease treatment.
Diseases are a gift from magicians and the stars.
Medicines should be elaborate and complex mixtures involving many natural products.
Medicines should be elaborate and complex mixtures involving many natural products.
According to the video about immunotherapy,
The human immune system has no defenses against cancer.
Antibodies can only be made in a person, not in a laboratory.
Antibodies can bind to a bacterium and mark it for destruction.
Antibody therapies work by turning on switches in human cancer cells.
Antibodies can bind to a bacterium and mark it for destruction.
In drug development for cancer, the major challenge for the target identification step is:
Unfortunately, most targets have already been validated by someone else.
All cancers have the same targets, so it’s hard to find a specific drug for a specific target.
Too many potential drug targets.
DNA sequencing is currently too expensive for research use.
Too many potential drug targets.
In drug development, the advantage of model organisms like flies, worms and fish is that they:
Grow more slowly than humans.
Have genomes with substantial similarity to human genomes.
Don’t have any drug target proteins in them.
Are extremely expensive to grow and care for.
Have genomes with substantial similarity to human genomes.
Regarding the film First In Human, which of the following statements is Most Correct?
The film takes place in Toronto, Canada.
The film uses only paid actors, not real patients and doctors.
The film includes the stories of cancer patients and their cancer therapies.
The film focuses on the steps of the drug development pipeline prior to clinical trials.
The film includes the stories of cancer patients and their cancer therapies.
