In-Class Lecture 1: Jihan

Question 1

“The light microscope discerns material that’s ___ of a micron (micrometer) apart.”

Answer 1

2/10

Question 2

“The electron microscope can discern structures that are ___ angstroms apart.”

Answer 2

1.5

Question 3

In what type of cell was mitochondria discovered?

Answer 3

Muscle cells

Question 4

Mitochondria can take a phosphate and link it to what?

Answer 4

ADP

Question 5

What is the major function of mitochondria?

Answer 5

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

Mitochondria are common in cells that make what?

Answer 6

Hormones (esp. steroids)

Question 7

In what situation would the cristae change shape?

Answer 7

Dependent on the work that the mitochondria is performing

Question 8

How many mitochondria in one liver cell?

Answer 8

1,000

Question 9

What is simple fission of a mitochondria?

Answer 9

The structure winds itself around the mitochondria, like a belt, and the mitochondria splits

Question 10

What genes are coded from the DNA in mitochondria?

Answer 10

The genes are involved in making new structural components in mitochondria

Question 11

What type of disease is the most abundant in-born error of metabolism? At what rate?

Answer 11

Mitochondrial diseases; happens in 1 in 2000 live births

Question 12

Where is smooth ER abundant? For what function?

Answer 12

Liver, for glycogen metabolism

Question 13

What enzyme is produced by the smooth ER for synthesis and breakdown of glycogen?

Answer 13

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 14

What two organelles work together to produce steroid hormones?

Answer 14

Smooth ER and mitochondria

Question 15

What organelle is implicated in cell types that are involved in protein for export?

Answer 15

Rough ER

Question 16

What kind of protein is in Rough ER, which is mainly RNA?

Answer 16

Ribonucleoprotein

Question 17

What is a prime function of Rough RNA?

Answer 17

“Scheme” of protein synthesis

Question 18

A sialoprotein had what added to the protein?

Answer 18

Sulfur

Question 19

What is the main function of lysosomes?

Answer 19

Picks up dead organelles and breaks them down

Question 20

What causes Tay-Sach’s disease?

Answer 20

Lack of lysosomal breakdown organelles requiring this

Question 21

What generates lysosomes?

Answer 21

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 22

All centrioles have what characteristic structure?

Answer 22

9 triplets of tubules

Question 23

What are the two main functions of centrioles?

Answer 23

1. Cell division

2. Induces the formation of cilia

Question 24

What are the two main structures of the cytoskeleton of cytoplasm?

Answer 24

Microtubules and filaments

Question 25

What is absent on the inner membrane of the nucleus?

Answer 25

Ribosomes

Question 26

What is (maybe) present on the outer membrane of the nucleus? With what structure is the outer membrane continuous?

Answer 26

There may be ribosomes, as it is continuous with the Rough ER

Question 27

Each pore in the nuclear envelope is what shape?

Answer 27

Hexagonal

Question 28

What do nucleoli help produce?

Answer 28

Ribosomes

Question 29

When are chromosomes visible in the nucleus?

Answer 29

When the cell is in the process of dividing