Improving Accuracy of Eyewitness Testimonies: Cognitive Interviews Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 4 techniques used in cognitive interviews?
A
- report everything
- reinstate the context
- reverse the order
- change perspective
2
Q
what is report everything?
A
- witness encouraged to include every single detail of event
- tell me everything
3
Q
what is reinstate the context?
A
- return to original crime scene in their mind and imagine the environment and emotions
- relates to context-dependent forgetting
4
Q
what is reverse the order?
A
- events recalled in different order from the original sequence
- e.g back to front, from middle
5
Q
why is reinstating the context used?
A
prevent people reporting their expectations of how the event must have happened rather than reporting actual events
6
Q
what is change perspective?
A
- witnesses should recall events from other people’s perspective
- e.g. other witnesses or perpetrator
7
Q
why do we change the perspective?
A
- disrupt effect of expectations and effect of schemas on recall
8
Q
what an enhanced cognitive interview?
A
- developed some additional elements of the CI to focus on social dynamics of interaction
- e.g. interviewer has to know when to establish eye contact and relinquish it
9
Q
what does an enhanced CI include?
A
- ideas such as reducing eyewitness anxiey, minimising ditractions and getting the witness to speak slowly and ask open-ended questions
10
Q
what are the evaluations of improving accuracy of EWT?
A
+ evidence that cognitive interviews work
- not all elements of CI are equally effective or useful
- CI are time consuming
