Important Terms Acids and Bases Flashcards
nonvolatile acids
substances that can be eliminated only by the kidney
weak acid
one which does not easily release it’s hydrogen ion
examples of nonvolatile acids
lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid
strong acid
one which readily releases their hydrogen ions
acidemia
arterial blood with pH less than 7.40
acidosis
a systemic increase in the hydrogen ion concentration or a loss of base
alkalemia
arterial blood with pH greater than 7.40
alkalosis
a systemic decrease in the hydrogen ion concentration or an excess of base
metabolic
when altered pH is secondary to biochemical processes within the body
respiratory
when altered pH is secondary to an issue with breathing
compensation
renal and respiratory adjustments in response to primary changes in the pH
hypercapnia
an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood
hypocapnia
decreased plasma carbon dioxide