important terminology

Question 1

P generation

Answer 1

parent generation

Question 2

F1 generation

Answer 2

(Filial 1) offspring of the P generation

Question 3

F2 generation

Answer 3

(Filial 2) offspring that arise from a F1 x F1 cross

Question 4

gene

Answer 4

part of chromosome that governs expression of a particular trait

Question 5

allele

Answer 5

alternate form of a gene

Question 6

phenotype

Answer 6

the observable trait or characteristic

what you can see

Question 7

genotype

Answer 7

the genetic makeup of the trait

which 2 alleles are present?

Question 8

what are the two types of genotypes?

Answer 8

homozygous and heterozygous

Question 9

homozygous

Answer 9

2 identical alleles are present
(ex. BB, tt; there are no hidden traits)
purebred

Question 10

heterozygous

Answer 10

2 different alleles are present
(ex. Bb, Tt)
hybrid

Question 11

what are the two types of alleles (traits)?

Answer 11

dominant and recessive

Question 12

dominant

Answer 12

trait that is fully expressed (visible)

Question 13

recessive

Answer 13

trait that is usually masked (hidden)

Question 14

when are recessive traits present?

Answer 14

only in a homozygous form

Question 15

punnett square

Answer 15

method of predicting offspring if the genotypes of parents are unknown