Important People- Test 1 Flashcards
Greek historian (d. 424 BCE), called the Father of Recorded History, described Egyptian embalming practices.
Herodotus
Greek historian from about the time of Christ, described Egyptian embalming practices.
Diodorus Siculus
First Christian Emperor (d. 379), outlawed cremation.
Constantine the Great
Jewish historian (d.100), described Hebrew burial customs.
Flavius Josephus
Jewish man, claimed the body of Jesus and put him in his own tomb.
Joseph of Arimathea
Jewish man, brought embalming spices for burial of Jesus.
Nicodemous
Roman emperor, in 381 required extramural interment by law for sanitation reasons.
Emperor Theodosius
French monarch (d. 814), tried to eliminate intramural burial by creating extramural cemeteries but was ultimately buried intramurally in the church.
Charlemange
Pope (d.607), said divided burial was “an abuse of abominable savagery.”
Pope Boniface III
English king (d.1135), eviscerated, salted, and wrapped in a bull’s hide.
Henry I
English king (d.1307), embalmed body found intact 400 years later.
Edward I
Professor of Anatomy at University of Padua (d.1423), wrote the Chirurgia and described the embalming of Pope Alexander V, noted that cold temperatures slow decomposition.
Pietro D’Angellata
Professor at University of Bologna (d.1326), dissected two bodies publicly and is considered the first serious anatomist of the Middle Ages.
Mundinus
Greek physician (d.200), his works on anatomy dominated medicine for almost 1300 years.
Galen of Purgamon
Dutch physician (d.1564), wrote “De Corpore Human Fabrica”, one of the best studies of anatomy during the Renaissance, discovered Galen had dissected animals, not people.
Versalius
German friar (d.1546), leader of the Reformation and noted anti-Semite.
Martin Luther
Italian artist/inventor (d. 1519), dissected at least 50 bodies and made at least 750 anatomical plates for study.
Leonardo DaVinci
Dutch professor of Anatomy at University of Amsterdam (d. 1731), called Father of Embalming (for the world), discovered successful system of arterial injection which he combined with evisceration.
Frederick Ruysch
Italian thinker (d. 1694), Father of Histology, first to note the physiology of the capillary bed.
Marcello Malpighi
Florentine physician (17th century), injected remains with silicate of potash and immersed body in a weak acid solution, producing a stone-like statue.
Girolamo Segato
German anatomist (late 17th century), published “Arterial Embalming Without Evisceration” where he describes injecting major arteries, treating cavity, and desiccating the body to produce a cadaver for medical study.
Dr. Gabriel Clauderus
Dutch scientist (d. 1723), Father of Microbiology, discovered the single cell organism with a microscope.
Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek
English physician and anatomist (d. 1657), discovered blood circulation by injecting colored solutions into the arteries, reported on his findings to the Royal College of Physicians.
Dr. William Harvey
Scottish anatomist (d. 1783), described how to use arterial and cavity embalming for preserving the human body not only for laboratory use but also burial, technique was called the Hunterian Method of Preservation.
Dr. William Hunter
Scottish anatomist (d. 1793), using his older (and less famous) brother’s methods, embalmed wife of Martin Van Butchell in 1775.
John Hunter
French chemist (d. 1852), first anatomist to combine embalming with funeralization, wrote “History of Embalming.”
Jean Gannal
English surgeon, published “Treatise on the art of embalming” in 1705, criticizing British Tradesman Undertaker’s work.
Thomas Greenhill
British tradesman undertaker, challenged monopoly of the barber-surgeon in 1646.
Michael Makeland
English social reformer, in 1839, investigated the conditions of the urban English worker, wrote “Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring Population of Great Britian” and “The Practice of Interments in Towns.”
Edwin Chadwick
English writer (d. 1870), wrote about 19th century urban England, including British funeral practices, insurance fraud, and burial societies.
Charles Dickens
