Important People- Test 1

Question 1

Greek historian (d. 424 BCE), called the Father of Recorded History, described Egyptian embalming practices.

Answer 1

Herodotus

Question 2

Greek historian from about the time of Christ, described Egyptian embalming practices.

Answer 2

Diodorus Siculus

Question 3

First Christian Emperor (d. 379), outlawed cremation.

Answer 3

Constantine the Great

Question 4

Jewish historian (d.100), described Hebrew burial customs.

Answer 4

Flavius Josephus

Question 5

Jewish man, claimed the body of Jesus and put him in his own tomb.

Answer 5

Joseph of Arimathea

Question 6

Jewish man, brought embalming spices for burial of Jesus.

Answer 6

Nicodemous

Question 7

Roman emperor, in 381 required extramural interment by law for sanitation reasons.

Answer 7

Emperor Theodosius

Question 8

French monarch (d. 814), tried to eliminate intramural burial by creating extramural cemeteries but was ultimately buried intramurally in the church.

Answer 8

Charlemange

Question 9

Pope (d.607), said divided burial was “an abuse of abominable savagery.”

Answer 9

Pope Boniface III

Question 10

English king (d.1135), eviscerated, salted, and wrapped in a bull’s hide.

Answer 10

Henry I

Question 11

English king (d.1307), embalmed body found intact 400 years later.

Answer 11

Edward I

Question 12

Professor of Anatomy at University of Padua (d.1423), wrote the Chirurgia and described the embalming of Pope Alexander V, noted that cold temperatures slow decomposition.

Answer 12

Pietro D’Angellata

Question 13

Professor at University of Bologna (d.1326), dissected two bodies publicly and is considered the first serious anatomist of the Middle Ages.

Answer 13

Mundinus

Question 14

Greek physician (d.200), his works on anatomy dominated medicine for almost 1300 years.

Answer 14

Galen of Purgamon

Question 15

Dutch physician (d.1564), wrote “De Corpore Human Fabrica”, one of the best studies of anatomy during the Renaissance, discovered Galen had dissected animals, not people.

Answer 15

Versalius

Question 16

German friar (d.1546), leader of the Reformation and noted anti-Semite.

Answer 16

Martin Luther

Question 17

Italian artist/inventor (d. 1519), dissected at least 50 bodies and made at least 750 anatomical plates for study.

Answer 17

Leonardo DaVinci

Question 18

Dutch professor of Anatomy at University of Amsterdam (d. 1731), called Father of Embalming (for the world), discovered successful system of arterial injection which he combined with evisceration.

Answer 18

Frederick Ruysch

Question 19

Italian thinker (d. 1694), Father of Histology, first to note the physiology of the capillary bed.

Answer 19

Marcello Malpighi

Question 20

Florentine physician (17th century), injected remains with silicate of potash and immersed body in a weak acid solution, producing a stone-like statue.

Answer 20

Girolamo Segato

Question 21

German anatomist (late 17th century), published “Arterial Embalming Without Evisceration” where he describes injecting major arteries, treating cavity, and desiccating the body to produce a cadaver for medical study.

Answer 21

Dr. Gabriel Clauderus

Question 22

Dutch scientist (d. 1723), Father of Microbiology, discovered the single cell organism with a microscope.

Answer 22

Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 23

English physician and anatomist (d. 1657), discovered blood circulation by injecting colored solutions into the arteries, reported on his findings to the Royal College of Physicians.

Answer 23

Dr. William Harvey

Question 24

Scottish anatomist (d. 1783), described how to use arterial and cavity embalming for preserving the human body not only for laboratory use but also burial, technique was called the Hunterian Method of Preservation.

Answer 24

Dr. William Hunter

Question 25

Scottish anatomist (d. 1793), using his older (and less famous) brother’s methods, embalmed wife of Martin Van Butchell in 1775.

Answer 25

John Hunter

Question 26

French chemist (d. 1852), first anatomist to combine embalming with funeralization, wrote “History of Embalming.”

Answer 26

Jean Gannal

Question 27

English surgeon, published “Treatise on the art of embalming” in 1705, criticizing British Tradesman Undertaker’s work.

Answer 27

Thomas Greenhill

Question 28

British tradesman undertaker, challenged monopoly of the barber-surgeon in 1646.

Answer 28

Michael Makeland

Question 29

English social reformer, in 1839, investigated the conditions of the urban English worker, wrote “Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring Population of Great Britian” and “The Practice of Interments in Towns.”

Answer 29

Edwin Chadwick

Question 30

English writer (d. 1870), wrote about 19th century urban England, including British funeral practices, insurance fraud, and burial societies.

Answer 30

Charles Dickens