Important

Question 1

what does ach act on when released from pre ganglionic

Answer 1

nicotinic receptors on post ganglionic

Question 2

what does ach act on when released from post ganglionic

Answer 2

mucsarinic and nicotinic recpeotrs on target organs

Question 3

what type of receptors are nicotinic

Answer 3

ligand gted ion channels

Question 4

what type of receptors are muscarinic

Answer 4

gpcrs

Question 5

action of nicotinic receptors

Answer 5

let sodium in and potassium out for depolarisation

Question 6

where are a1 mostly located

Answer 6

walls of blood vessels

Question 7

wwhere are a2 mostly located

Answer 7

presynaptic neurone

Question 8

what do postganglionic neurones release

Answer 8

norepeniphrene; noradrenaline and epinephrine; adrenaline

Question 9

high dose of propanolol side effect

Answer 9

bronchospasm

Question 10

does an antagonist reduce the concentration of active drug

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

does an antagonist direcetly involve a receptor

Answer 11

no

Question 12

potency

Answer 12

amount of drug needed to proudce a biological resopnse of magnitude

Question 13

efficacy

Answer 13

drugs capacity to elicit an effect

Question 14

are ach nicotninc receptors selective

Answer 14

no

Question 15

how mnay subunits are in the nicotinic receptors

Answer 15

5

Question 16

HILL equarion

Answer 16

relationship between ahonist concenrtation and tissue response

Question 17

first step of two state model

Answer 17

affinity

Question 18

second step of two state model

Answer 18

efficacy

Question 19

disadvantage of oral drug

Answer 19

first pass metabolism

Question 20

action of glucuronic acid on a drug

Answer 20

usually an inactivation of the drug

Question 21

do basic drugs become more ionised in basic solution

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

do acidic drugs becoem more ionised in acidic solution

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

how to double steady state

Answer 23

maintain infusion but double loading dose

Question 24

potency

Answer 24

amount of medication to elicit an affect

Question 25

efficacy

Answer 25

max effect

Question 26

how is potency shown on graph

Answer 26

closer to left

Question 27

what does potency depend on

Answer 27

ed50; half efficacy

Question 28

pka

Answer 28

concentration at which the charged an uncharged molecules equal each other