Importance of Plants Flashcards
What are in Plant and Animal cells?
Nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane
What are only in plant cells?
Cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts
What is a cell wall?
Provides structure and support
What is a vacuole?
Stores water and cell sap
What is chloroplasts?
Site of photosynthesis
What is a detrivore?
Feed on decomposing organisms to obtain energy
What is a decomposer?
Eat decomposing organisms and break them down into basic nutrients.
What are 4 types of asexual reproduction?
Budding, tubbers, runners and bulbs
What is Budding?
Similar to cell division
What is Tubbers?
Underground food storage organs that can develop into a plant the following year
What is Runners?
Thin sideways stems with plantlets on them that can take root and develop into a new plant
What is Bulbs?
Round stems containing the shoot of a new plant. The leaf-like scales provide nourishment.
What is the male sex cell of a plant?
Pollen
What is the male sex organ of a plant?
Anther
What is the female sex cell of a plant?
Ovule
What is the female sex organ of a plant?
Ovary
What are the 5 types of plant products?
Food, raw materials, medicines, cosmetics and spiritualism
What is Food?
Corn, wheat, oats, rice, barley, potatoes, sugar, maize, tomatoes
What is Raw Materials
Timber, paper, cotton
What is Medicines?
Morphine (Poppies), Aspirin (Willow tree bark), Digitalin (Foxglove), Hemp
What is cosmetics?
Cotton, hemp and lavender
What is spiritualism?
Hemp, sage and lavender
What is pollination?
Pollination is the transfer of pollen to a stigma
How can pollen be transferred?
Insects, wind and animals
What does a seed require?
Water, warmth and oxygen
What is a food store?
Energy for growth
What is an embryo?
Develops into a flowering stem
What is a seed coat?
Protection
What are the 2 methods of Artificial propagation?
Grafting and cuttings
What is Cuttings?
Cut a branch from a parent plant, remove all leaves apart from one at the top and plant in a damp compost
What is Grafting?
Take a cutting and graft it to the stem of another plant. The cut surfaces grow together
What are the 3 chemical nutrients plants need?
Nitrogen, Phosphorus and potassium
What is Photosynthesis?
Plants use energy from the sun to create glucose/energy. This can be stored as starch
What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?
Temperature, light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration
What is needed for photosynthesis?
Light, water and CO2
Where is the chlorophyll?
Inside the chloroplasts
What is needed for Germination?
Warmth, Oxygen and Water
What raw materials are needed to carry out photosynthesis?
Water and Co2
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen
What can be caused by fertilisers leaking into waterways?
Algal bloom
