Importance of Cellular Replication Flashcards
What is mitosis?
Type of cell division where one cell (parent) divides to produce two new identical cells (daughter cells)
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Growth and repair in multicellular organisms
- exposed cells such as hair, skin and nails
Asexual reproduction in single celled organisms
What are the main stages of the cell cycle?
1) Interphase
2) Mitosis
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telephase
- Cytokinesis
What is meiosis?
Specialised form of cell division in organisms that reproduce sexually
What does meiosis achieve?
Formation of reproductive cells (gametes)–> carry half the genetic material of the parent cell
What is a diploid (2n)?
Cells that have two sets of chromosomes (46 chromosomes)
What is a haploid (n)?
One set of chromosomes (23 chromosomes)
What is reduction division (first meiotic division)?
Process by which chromosome number reduces from diploid to a haploid
Separating homologous chromosomes
What are homologous chromosomes?
Set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome which pair during reproduction
What is a chromatid?
A half of a replicated chromosome
What does the second division do?
Separated sister chromatids
