Implicit Needs Flashcards
What is implicit needs?
- Reflect social needs, thus unfolds in social context
- Reactive but also anticipatory
What is social needs?
An acquired psychological process that grows out of one’s socialization history that activate emotional responses to a particular need-relevant incentive
- Situational influenced; incentive + particular need
What are quasi needs?
Situational induced wants and desires that are not full-blown needs
- Have a sense of urgency
- Disappear once satisfied
How does one satisfy social needs?
- Through experience, development and socialization
- Not set early on, emerge and change over time
What are components of social need and their incentive?
- Achievement
Show off one’s competence - Affiliation
To please others and gain their approval - Intimacy
Warm and secure relationship - Power
Have an impact on others
How can social needs motivate behavior?
- Activates emotional and behavioral potential when need-satisfying incentives appear
- Is a social event learned as positive or negative?
What is achievement?
The desire to do well relative to a standard of excellence
What is “a standard of excellence”?
Any challenge to a person’s sense of competence that ends with an objective outcome of success vs failure
- Competitions with a task, with self or others
- Two-edged sword
When facing standards of excellence, what are the types of responses from individuals?
- Low need; avoidance-oriented feelings
- High need; approach-oriented feelings
- Varies in choice, latency, effort, persistence and willingness to take on responsibilities
What are examples of origins of the need for achievement?(influences)
Socialization Influences
- Internalization
- Influences from early childhood, but can change
Cognitive Influences
- Perception of ability
- Mastery orientation
- Expectations
- Different types of mindsets
Developmental Influences
- Achievement-related beliefs, values and emotions
- Internalization
What is the Atkinson’s Model about?
- Motivation is an inherent struggle of approach vs avoidance
- The need for achievement partly predict behavior
Individual need for achievement and probability of success
Atkinson’s Model - Components
- Achievement behavior and 3 predictors;
- Need for achievement
- Probability of success
- Incentive for success
Atkinson’s Model - Tendency to approach success
- Motivated to succeed
- Perceived probability of succeeding
Their own ability - Right incentives
Difficulty of the task
Atkinson’s Model - Tendency to avoid failure
- Motive to avoid
Defend against loss of self-esteem, social respect, rejection etc - Probability of failure
- Negative incentives
Future Achievement Orientation
Individual’s psychological distance from a long-term achievement goal
- Generates less approach
- Can be used as motivation for the present-day
What are conditions that involve and satisfy the need for achievementin every-day life?
Moderately Difficult Tasks
- Mixture of success and diagnosing abilities
Competition
- Risk-taking
- Promotes approach behavior, positive emotions
Entrepreneurship
- Requires moderate risks and assuming responsibility over one’s ability to succeed
What are the types of achievement goals?
- Mastery goals
- Performance goals
Mastery goal
- Develop one’s competence
- Make progress
- Improve the self
- Overcome difficulties with effort and persistence
- Associated with positive and productive ways of thinking, feeling and behaving
Performing goals
- Prove one’s competence
- Display high ability
- Outperform others
- Succeed with little apparent effort
- Associated with negative and unproductive ways of thinking, feeling and behaving
Where is the need for affiliation rooted from?
-Fear of interpersonal rejection
What is need for affiliation?
Need for approval, acceptance and security in interpersonal relations
- Need for approval
- Need for intimacy
What is the intimacy motive?
- Concern for quality of one’s social involvement
- Willingness to experience more positive relations
What causes someone to leviate their needs for affiliation and intimacy?
- Deprivation of social interaction (deficiency-oriented motive)
Relief - Need for intimacy as growth-oriented motive
Closeness in relations
Fear and Anxiety - Wanting to seek out to others
- Isolation
Social network - New friendships
- Low vs high need
- Maintaining relations - affiliation
What is power?
A desire to make the physical and social world conform to one’s personal image or plan for it
- Need for dominance, reputation, status or position
- Emotional satisfaction for recognition
Power - Components
Impact
- Establish power
Control
- Maintain power
Influence
- Expand or restore power
What are the conditions that can involve and satisfy the need for power?
- Leadership
- Aggressiveness
- Influential occupations
- Prestige possessions
Power - Leadership
- Seek recognition in groups
- Finding ways to make them visible to others to establish influence
Power - Aggressiveness
- A mean to both involve and satisfy need
Power - Influential Occupations
- Attracted to jobs where they can influence others
- Direct behaviors of others
Power - Prestige Possessions
- Collect things that show of power
