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DPT 750 - Geriatrics > Implications of an Aging Population > Flashcards

Implications of an Aging Population Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary trends in age demographics within the U.S.?

A
  • Increasing percentage of the population aged 65+
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2
Q

What is the financial impact of an aging population?

A

Increased healthcare costs and economic pressure on the healthcare system.

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3
Q

What are the components of physical functional activities related to the ICF model?

A
  • Mobility
  • ADLs
  • IADLs
  • Work
  • Recreation
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4
Q

What are potential societal roles of elderly individuals?

A
  • Employees
  • Caregivers
  • Volunteers
  • Active community members
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5
Q

At what age is an individual considered an ‘older adult’ and ‘geriatric’ ?

A
  • ‘Older adult’ = 55+
  • ‘Geriatric’ = 65+
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6
Q

What percentage of the US population is over 65?

A

15% as of recent data.

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7
Q

What are the trends in life expectancy?

A
  • Increasing life expectancy due to medical and health technology advances.
  • Older women outnumber older men at 29.1 million older women to 23.3 million older men.
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8
Q

What is the projected change in the population aged 85 and older by 2040?

A

An increase from 6.5 million in 2018 to 14.4 million.

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9
Q

What are the gender differences in mortality rates among older adults?

A

Women have lower mortality rates than men.

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10
Q

How does marital status affect mortality rates?

A

Married individuals have lower mortality rates than unmarried individuals.

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11
Q

What percentage of older adults live alone?

A

About 28% of individuals aged 65 and older.

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12
Q

What is the strongest predictor that an older adult will no longer be able to live alone?

A

Decline in their functional ability to perform ADLs.

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13
Q

What was the racial and ethnic distribution of the elderly population in 2018?

A
  • 77% non-Hispanic / White
  • 9% African American
  • 8% Hispanic
  • 5% Asian

  • The Hispanic elderly population is estimated to have the fastest overall growth rate.
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14
Q

What are the trends in economic well-being of older adults?

A

Overall improvement, but disparities remain among women and minorities.

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15
Q

What are the poverty trends among elderly by gender and ethnicity?

A

Women and elderly Hispanics and Blacks are more likely to experience poverty.

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16
Q

What is the financial impact of an aging population on the healthcare system?

A

Growing costs and need for cost-effective healthcare management.

17
Q

What are the leading chronic conditions among adults aged 65 and older?

A
  • Heart disease
  • Diabetes
  • Cancer
  • Stroke
  • Arthritis
18
Q

What percentage of older adults have one or more chronic conditions?

A
  • 80% have one chronic condition
  • 50% have two or more
19
Q

What is the impact of obesity on older adults?

A

Major cause of preventable disease and premature death.

20
Q

What are physical functional activities?

A

Activities such as mobility, ADLs, IADLs, work, and recreation.

21
Q

What is the labor force participation rate among older adults?

A

Increasing for both men and women.

22
Q

What roles do elderly individuals play in families?

A

Traditional roles, caregivers for spouses, and grandparents.

23
Q

What is the role of grandparents in caregiving?

A

Increasingly assuming roles as primary and secondary caregivers for grandchildren.

24
Q

What are the implications of an aging population for physical therapists?

A

Increased need for PT services and demonstrating cost-effectiveness of treatment.

25
Q

Why is it important for PTs to demonstrate cost effectiveness?

A

To manage rising healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes.

26
Q

What are the key points from population trends of elderly in the US?

A

Growing elderly population, increasing comorbidities, and rising healthcare costs.

27
Q

How is the shape of the age pyramid changing?

A

From a triangular to a rectangular shape.

28
Q

What is the impact of declining birth rates on the aging population?

A

A larger proportion of the population is becoming elderly.

29
Q

What health technologies are advancing life expectancy?

A

Medical innovations and improved healthcare practices.

30
Q

What are the marital status statistics among elderly men and women?

A

69% of older men are married, compared to 47% of older women.

31
Q

What is the prevalence of living alone by gender and ethnicity?

A

More common among non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks, and among women.

32
Q

What are the common chronic conditions by gender and age?

A

Varies, but includes heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes.

33
Q

What percentage of older adults are overweight or obese?

A
  • Over 60% of adults aged 55 and older.
34
Q

What are the trends in labor force participation by age and gender?

A

Increasing participation for both older men and women.

35
Q

Objectives

Objective 1: Recognize trends in age demographics within the U.S.

  • Trend in Age Demographics = ?
A

Objective 1: Recognize trends in age demographics within the U.S.

a) Trend in Age Demographics:

  • The proportion of the U.S. population that is 65 or older is increasing. As of recent data, 15% of the U.S. population is 65 or older.
  • Life expectancy is rising due to advances in medical and health technologies. The percentage of elderly individuals will continue to increase as birth rates decline and death rates fall.
  • The population aged 85 and older is projected to more than double from 6.5 million in 2018 to 14.4 million by 2040.
  • The age pyramid is changing from a traditional triangular shape to a more rectangular shape, indicating a larger proportion of older adults.
36
Q

Objectives

Objective 2: Identify financial impact of aging population

  • Financial Impact = ?
A

Objective 2: Identify financial impact of aging population

a) Financial Impact:

  • The aging population increases healthcare costs significantly. Older adults often require more medical care, leading to higher spending on health services.
  • National health spending is anticipated to grow at an annual rate of 5.6% through 2025, with the health share of GDP expected to rise to 19.9% by 2025.
  • Economic well-being has improved overall, but disparities remain. Women and minority elderly populations are more likely to experience poverty.
  • The financial impact includes the need for cost-effective healthcare management and increased pressure on the healthcare system to manage these rising costs.
37
Q

Objectives

Objective 3: Describe components of physical functional activities and relate to ICF model

  • Components of Physical Functional Activities = ?
A

Objective 3: Describe components of physical functional activities and relate to ICF model

a) Components of Physical Functional Activities:

Mobility:

  • Includes transfers, gait, and bed mobility.
  • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Basic self-care tasks such as bathing, dressing, eating, and toileting.

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs):

  • More complex activities related to independent living, such as housekeeping, shopping, managing finances, and medication management.

Work and Recreation:

  • Nearly 19% of older adults are still working, and recreational activities are important for maintaining quality of life.
  • These activities relate to the ICF model by considering the individual’s ability to perform tasks and engage in activities within their environment, accounting for personal and environmental factors.
38
Q

Objectives

Objective 4: Consider potential societal roles of elderly

  • Societal Roles of Elderly = ?
A

Objective 4: Consider potential societal roles of elderly

a) Societal Roles of Elderly:

Traditional Roles:

  • Elderly individuals often continue to fulfill traditional social roles, such as being a spouse, parent, or community member.

Work:

  • Increasing labor force participation among older adults indicates that many continue to work past the traditional retirement age.

Caregiving:

  • Many elderly individuals take on caregiving roles, particularly for their spouses or as primary caregivers for grandchildren.
  • This trend is increasing due to longer life expectancies and changing family dynamics.

Volunteering and Community Involvement:

  • Elderly individuals often engage in volunteer activities, contributing to their communities and maintaining social connections.

Adaptation to New Roles:

  • With changes in physical abilities and societal expectations, elderly individuals may adapt to new roles that require different physical and cognitive skills.

DPT 750 - Geriatrics (9 decks)

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