Implications of an Aging Population Flashcards
What are the primary trends in age demographics within the U.S.?
- Increasing percentage of the population aged 65+
What is the financial impact of an aging population?
Increased healthcare costs and economic pressure on the healthcare system.
What are the components of physical functional activities related to the ICF model?
- Mobility
- ADLs
- IADLs
- Work
- Recreation
What are potential societal roles of elderly individuals?
- Employees
- Caregivers
- Volunteers
- Active community members
At what age is an individual considered an ‘older adult’ and ‘geriatric’ ?
- ‘Older adult’ = 55+
- ‘Geriatric’ = 65+
What percentage of the US population is over 65?
15% as of recent data.
What are the trends in life expectancy?
- Increasing life expectancy due to medical and health technology advances.
- Older women outnumber older men at 29.1 million older women to 23.3 million older men.
What is the projected change in the population aged 85 and older by 2040?
An increase from 6.5 million in 2018 to 14.4 million.
What are the gender differences in mortality rates among older adults?
Women have lower mortality rates than men.
How does marital status affect mortality rates?
Married individuals have lower mortality rates than unmarried individuals.
What percentage of older adults live alone?
About 28% of individuals aged 65 and older.
What is the strongest predictor that an older adult will no longer be able to live alone?
Decline in their functional ability to perform ADLs.
What was the racial and ethnic distribution of the elderly population in 2018?
- 77% non-Hispanic / White
- 9% African American
- 8% Hispanic
- 5% Asian
- The Hispanic elderly population is estimated to have the fastest overall growth rate.
What are the trends in economic well-being of older adults?
Overall improvement, but disparities remain among women and minorities.
What are the poverty trends among elderly by gender and ethnicity?
Women and elderly Hispanics and Blacks are more likely to experience poverty.
What is the financial impact of an aging population on the healthcare system?
Growing costs and need for cost-effective healthcare management.
What are the leading chronic conditions among adults aged 65 and older?
- Heart disease
- Diabetes
- Cancer
- Stroke
- Arthritis
What percentage of older adults have one or more chronic conditions?
- 80% have one chronic condition
- 50% have two or more
What is the impact of obesity on older adults?
Major cause of preventable disease and premature death.
What are physical functional activities?
Activities such as mobility, ADLs, IADLs, work, and recreation.
What is the labor force participation rate among older adults?
Increasing for both men and women.
What roles do elderly individuals play in families?
Traditional roles, caregivers for spouses, and grandparents.
What is the role of grandparents in caregiving?
Increasingly assuming roles as primary and secondary caregivers for grandchildren.
What are the implications of an aging population for physical therapists?
Increased need for PT services and demonstrating cost-effectiveness of treatment.
Why is it important for PTs to demonstrate cost effectiveness?
To manage rising healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes.
What are the key points from population trends of elderly in the US?
Growing elderly population, increasing comorbidities, and rising healthcare costs.
How is the shape of the age pyramid changing?
From a triangular to a rectangular shape.
What is the impact of declining birth rates on the aging population?
A larger proportion of the population is becoming elderly.
What health technologies are advancing life expectancy?
Medical innovations and improved healthcare practices.
What are the marital status statistics among elderly men and women?
69% of older men are married, compared to 47% of older women.
What is the prevalence of living alone by gender and ethnicity?
More common among non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks, and among women.
What are the common chronic conditions by gender and age?
Varies, but includes heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes.
What percentage of older adults are overweight or obese?
- Over 60% of adults aged 55 and older.
What are the trends in labor force participation by age and gender?
Increasing participation for both older men and women.
Objectives
Objective 1: Recognize trends in age demographics within the U.S.
- Trend in Age Demographics = ?
Objective 1: Recognize trends in age demographics within the U.S.
a) Trend in Age Demographics:
- The proportion of the U.S. population that is 65 or older is increasing. As of recent data, 15% of the U.S. population is 65 or older.
- Life expectancy is rising due to advances in medical and health technologies. The percentage of elderly individuals will continue to increase as birth rates decline and death rates fall.
- The population aged 85 and older is projected to more than double from 6.5 million in 2018 to 14.4 million by 2040.
- The age pyramid is changing from a traditional triangular shape to a more rectangular shape, indicating a larger proportion of older adults.
Objectives
Objective 2: Identify financial impact of aging population
- Financial Impact = ?
Objective 2: Identify financial impact of aging population
a) Financial Impact:
- The aging population increases healthcare costs significantly. Older adults often require more medical care, leading to higher spending on health services.
- National health spending is anticipated to grow at an annual rate of 5.6% through 2025, with the health share of GDP expected to rise to 19.9% by 2025.
- Economic well-being has improved overall, but disparities remain. Women and minority elderly populations are more likely to experience poverty.
- The financial impact includes the need for cost-effective healthcare management and increased pressure on the healthcare system to manage these rising costs.
Objectives
Objective 3: Describe components of physical functional activities and relate to ICF model
- Components of Physical Functional Activities = ?
Objective 3: Describe components of physical functional activities and relate to ICF model
a) Components of Physical Functional Activities:
Mobility:
- Includes transfers, gait, and bed mobility.
- Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Basic self-care tasks such as bathing, dressing, eating, and toileting.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs):
- More complex activities related to independent living, such as housekeeping, shopping, managing finances, and medication management.
Work and Recreation:
- Nearly 19% of older adults are still working, and recreational activities are important for maintaining quality of life.
- These activities relate to the ICF model by considering the individual’s ability to perform tasks and engage in activities within their environment, accounting for personal and environmental factors.
Objectives
Objective 4: Consider potential societal roles of elderly
- Societal Roles of Elderly = ?
Objective 4: Consider potential societal roles of elderly
a) Societal Roles of Elderly:
Traditional Roles:
- Elderly individuals often continue to fulfill traditional social roles, such as being a spouse, parent, or community member.
Work:
- Increasing labor force participation among older adults indicates that many continue to work past the traditional retirement age.
Caregiving:
- Many elderly individuals take on caregiving roles, particularly for their spouses or as primary caregivers for grandchildren.
- This trend is increasing due to longer life expectancies and changing family dynamics.
Volunteering and Community Involvement:
- Elderly individuals often engage in volunteer activities, contributing to their communities and maintaining social connections.
Adaptation to New Roles:
- With changes in physical abilities and societal expectations, elderly individuals may adapt to new roles that require different physical and cognitive skills.
